教學支出對大學校院畢業生就業與薪資之影響：以獎勵大學教學卓越計畫為例

The effect of instructional expenditure on college graduates’ employment and earnings: Evidence from the Plan to Encourage Teaching Excellence in Universities

蔡咏諭(Tsai Yung-Yu)

指導教授 ： 朱斌妤 ； 楊子霆

國立政治大學/社會科學學院/公共行政學系/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6814/NCCU201900156

摘要

高等教育經費占我國政府支出，瞭解此一花費是否能有助於大學校院畢業生之就業與薪資實乃重要課題。本論文利用教學卓越計畫作為一自然實驗，建構教學支出之外生工具變數。本論文藉由串連大學校院之財報數據以及稅務行政資料，檢驗教學支出對大學校院畢業生之就業與薪資之影響。
研究結果發現，教學支出對畢業生就業市場表現之影響微乎其微。教育經費的投入，對畢業生的薪資與就業均不產生影響。教育資源的效果僅體現在幫助畢業生脫離低薪與貧窮的處境。整體而言，每增加10萬元的教學支出，畢業生平均每月薪資超過中位數的可能性，將提高2.83個百分點。對於來自經濟弱勢家庭的學生而言，每增加10萬元的教學支出，畢業生年總薪資超過中位數的可能性，將提高3.62個百分點。教學資源對對經濟弱勢學生的效果，是對來自相對富裕家庭學生的5.25倍。本論文的發現點出教育資源的投入或許無法廣泛地對所有學生產生正面助益，但卻能夠幫助社會中最底層的族群。

關鍵字

高等教育 ； 教學支出 ； 畢業生薪資 ； 教學卓越計畫

並列摘要

Given the considerable amount of money spent on higher education, understanding the effects of educational investment on graduates’ future achievement is important. This thesis uses the Teaching Excellence Project as a natural experiment to generate an exogenous variation in instructional expenditure. By linking the data on higher education institutions’ expenditure as well as taxation administrative records of individual income, this thesis investigates the effects of instructional expenditure on college graduates’ employment and earnings.
The result suggests that the effect of instructional expenditure on students’ labor market outcomes is weak. No evidence supports the expenditure effect on graduates’ earnings and employment. The educational resources effect only appears in helping individuals get rid of low income. For all graduates, increasing per-graduate instructional expenditure by 100 thousand leads to 2.83 percentage points increases in the probability of reaching the median of monthly earnings. For graduates from economically disadvantaged families, increasing per-graduate instructional expenditure by 100 thousand leads to 3.62 percentage points increases in the probability of reaching the median of annual earnings. The magnitude of effect size for disadvantaged students is 5.25 times greater than rich students. These findings imply that educational investment in higher education does not have extensively effect on all students but does benefit the underprivileged in society.

並列關鍵字

Higher education ； Instructional expenditure ； Graduates’ earnings ； Teaching Excellence Project

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