中華民國與美國歷史教科書中的國家起源敘事神話

The mythology of national origin narratives in R.O.C. and U.S.A. history textbooks

李翰昇(Henderson Phillip Lee)

指導教授 ： 周祝瑛

國立政治大學/社會科學學院/亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6814/THE.NCCU.IMAS.002.2019.A07

摘要

關於國家起源敘事的歷史教材一直是全世界公共教育的核心課題。雖然已經在往更開放，和平和包容的方面取得了進展，但特別是在公立學校裡, 仍然被堅持宣傳著存在國家起源敘事的神聖特徵。這些故事通過在歷史課堂上講述，有助於國家價值觀和思想的傳播和延續，且被表明應該認真關注它們所倡導的價值觀。本研究通過比較敘事分析，利用約瑟夫·坎貝爾(Joseph Campbell)的Monomyth作為理論框架，分析了來自中華民國（ROC）和美國（USA）的高中歷史教科書中的國家起源敘事隱含的價值觀。在這種方法中，兩本教科書中的國家起源敘事的主要參與者和事件透過Monomyth相互比較。這些發現支持了這樣的觀點，即中華民國和美國的國家起源敘事中的敘事階段和人物原型與宗教和神話中相似，並且這些敘述為讀者呈現了一套特定的價值觀。這項研究對歷史教育者、教科書製作者以及歷史和語言藝術教育領域的研究人員具有重要意義，他們在建設國家價值觀和思想方面發揮著關鍵作用。

關鍵字

民族起源敘事 ； Monomyth ； 敘事史 ； 歷史教育

並列摘要

History curriculum dealing with national origin narratives has always been a core subject in public education around the world. Although progress has been made toward more open, peaceful, and inclusive national ideals, there persists a sacred character to national origin narratives, especially those propagated in public schools. These narratives contribute to the propagation and perpetuation of national values and ideas through their telling in history classrooms, suggesting that careful attention should be paid to the values they promote. This study analyzes values implicit in the national origin narratives in high school history textbooks from both the Republic of China (ROC) and the United States (USA) through a comparative narrative analysis using Joseph Campbell’s monomyth as theoretical framework. In this method, the major actors and events of the national origin narratives in the two textbooks are compared to each other through the monomyth. These findings support the notion that the narrative stages and character archetypes in the national origin narratives of the ROC and USA resemble those in religions and myths, and that these narratives present a particular set of values to their readers. This study has important implications for history educators, textbook producers, and researchers in the field of history and language arts education who play critical roles in the construction of national values and ideas.

並列關鍵字

National origin narrative ； Monomyth ； Narrative history ； History education

參考文獻

References

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