民主深化的機制：國會透明化下的議事直播制度之建立

民主深化的趨力造成國會透明化的需求，議事全面直播與國會頻道是在各界的呼籲、朝野各黨團的共識以及人民的期待下，由立法院主導建置，以回應民意對於國會改革的期待。然而，整體建置過程中最重要的是相關設置法規的訂定、修改，仍需透過朝野協商、三讀等立法程序，才能與法有據、永續留存。梳理國會頻道、議事全面直播建置過程與發展，了解為何新國會可以「能為過去所不能為」，此為本文主要目的之一。此外，建置國會頻道對於公民參與度的影響，則為本文主要目的之二。本研究以議事直播制度之建立過程為研究焦點，採用質性研究的次級資料分析法與深度訪談法，透過公報記錄以及訪談參與建置的人員與特定使用者（倡議團體與媒體）所蒐集到的資料，透過John M Kingdon的「多元流框架」（Multiple Streams Framework）決策模式的理論，分析臺灣民主化之後國會的改革歷程與國會頻道的建置過程，更進一步瞭解議事直播制度對民主深化的貢獻。研究結果發現，透過議事直播制度的建立，一方面民眾可隨時收看會議轉播，媒體同步掌握國會動態，資訊無落差，改善立法委員的問政表現，驅動國會良性循環；另一方面因為政策企業家在問題的設定與選擇不同的解決方案，讓背負黑箱作業的黨團協商公開實況轉播，並改變了國會的政治權力結構，實踐國會透明開放、還權於民的目標。

關鍵字

民主深化；國會透明化；議事直播制度；國會頻道

並列摘要

TThe trend of democratic consolidation has created the need for transparency in Congress. The proceeding of Congress broadcasting system and the Parliamentary TV. are established by the Legislative Yuan due to the consensus of the parties and the expectation of people. However, the most important thing in the overall construction process is the establishment and modification of relevant installation regulations, which still need to be legitimized and persisted through legislative procedures such as Consult Among Political Parties. There are two purposes of this study. Firstly, to sort out the process and development of the parliamentary tv and live broadcast of the proceedings to understand why the new Congress “can do what the past cannot.” Secondly, to estimate the impact of the establishment of the parliamentary tv on citizen participation. This study aims to focus on the process of the stablishment of Congress broadcasting, using qualitative research secondary data analysis and in-depth interviews, gather information from gazette and interview with participants and specific users (advocacy groups and media). Adopting John M. Kingdon's “Multiple Streams Framework” decision-making model theory, this study analyzes the reform process of Taiwna's democratization and the process of established the Congress broadcasting system. And it also intends to to understand its contribution to consolidation of democracy by the congress broadcasting system. The results show that people can monitor the the decision-making process of Congress through internet、TV (Cable, Wireless, Digital)、websit and smart phone at any time and anywhere, and media keeps track of the parliamentary dynamics. Legislators change their behaviors because the functioning of the Congress broadcasting system. Policy entrepreneurs play important roles during the the establishment period of Congress broadcasting system. This new situation changes the political power structure of Cogress, and fulfills the goal of transparency of Congress.