With the development of social media, the transparency and convenience of social media communication have brought benefits and opportunities to organizations. Organizations’ external activities and work have been developed. However, members of organizations have formed a more transparent connection with the outside world. The transparency brought about by social media and shared external information influences the affections and behaviors of members in an organization, thus subtly altering the whole organization. Hence, from the perspective of transparency, we explored how social media communication affects organizational performance by changing members’ interactive affections. We sincerely hope that we will be able to offer new viewpoints and provide potential suggestions for related future studies in the research fields of social media, transparency, and organizational management.