利用鳳梨酥生產衍生廢棄物生產生質酒精

Bioethanol production from the residues of pineapple cake production

曾上哲(Shang-Che Tseng)

指導教授 ： 蔡碩文

國立中興大學/農業暨自然資源學院/食品暨應用生物科技學系所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

鳳梨是台灣重要的經濟水果之一，全年皆可生產。果肉可拿來做為鮮食及加
工用途，本研究中提供原料的鳳梨酥加工廠每天產生約48,000公斤鳳梨皮。以往鳳梨皮是直接當作飼料及肥料使用，實屬可惜。本研究想藉由鳳梨酥工廠廢棄的鳳梨皮上壓榨出來的漿液當做發酵液進行酒精發酵，並且藉由其他影響發酵因子進行探討，期望能在低成本的條件下在短時間內有最大的酒精轉化率。
實驗結果顯示，由鳳梨皮壓榨漿液步驟中可估算出每公斤可壓榨出約800 mL漿液。並且經由酒精實驗顯示，在不添加氮源、不控制pH值及常溫下，接種10 % (v/v)比例的Saccharomyces cerevisiae BCRC 22460培養液在發酵24小時後即有大約4.5~5%的理想酒精濃度，且pH值在整個實驗過程中沒有顯著性的變化。再藉由小型批式攪拌發酵槽實際模擬大量生產生質酒精時的情況，顯示酒精發酵實驗所建構的配方可完全運用於攪拌發酵槽。最後藉由保留前一次發酵實驗的發酵液當作下一次實驗時所添加的菌元，試圖降低每次發酵時需重新培養酵母菌液所消耗的時間與成本，結果顯示此方法是可行的。同時藉由酵母菌量測定及轉化率計算結果皆與前人實驗大致相符。估計應用本研究之方法，工廠每天最高可生產大約700公秉得生質酒精。
由以上實驗說明鳳梨壓榨過後之漿液除可馬上進行酒精發酵，具有發展之潛力外，亦可利用較大型發酵槽進行酒精生產。未來可藉由與連續式發酵槽相比較進行評估，期望可以建立成本較低發酵效率較高的模式達到兼具環保及解決能源問題的目標。

關鍵字

鳳梨皮 ； 生質酒精

並列摘要

Pineapple is the one of important Taiwan economic fruits which can plant in all
seasons. Pulp can be used to eat and process. In our research ,pineapple cake factory can produce 48,000 kilograms pineapple peel in each day. It was wasted that peel used to regard as feed and fertilizer. Our research is anticipated to use liquid squeezed from pineapple cake category peel which were wasted to ferment bioethanol. We expect to get high bioethanol conversion rate in short time and low cost by discussing the factor which can affect fermenting efficiency.
The results show that it can squeeze 800 mL liquid from each kilograms pineapple peel in experiment step. And it can also show that adding medium included 10% (v/v) Saccharomyces cerevisiae BCRC 22460 ferment 24 hour can get about 4.5~ 5% (v/v) ideal ethanol concentration in condition without controlling pH value, adding nitrogen source and maintaining room temperature. The pH value have not significantly changed in period of the experiment. Then we use small stirring fermenter to imitate the condition of producing considerable bioethanol; it show that the formula made from ethanol fermenting experiment can be suitable in stirring fermentor. And finally, due to reducing the cost to incubating new medium and consuming time, we use fermentation broth originated from previous fermented experiment. Finally results show that the method is feasible. If we use our methods, factory can produce about 700,000 liters bioethanol each day.
According to all experiments, we can explain that the liquid squeezed form pineapple peel can ferment right away. Besides it have potential to develop, it can be executed to produce ethanol by larger fermentor. We expect that it can evacuate by comparing with higher efficiency continuous fermenter in future and finally it can establish low cost, higher efficiency objective model to achieve both of environmental protection and solving energy problem.

並列關鍵字

pineapple peel ； bioethanol

參考文獻

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