照明環境變化對視覺主觀評價影響之研究—以攤商照明為例

A Study on Visual Evaluation by Changing of Luminous Environment–Taking Traditional Market Lighting as Example

林羽賢(Yu-Hsien LIN)

指導教授 ： 周鼎金

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00005

摘要

光與影為形塑空間氛圍良好的媒介，不同明暗與色彩搭配，對視覺會產生程度不一的刺激，進而影響使用者的觀感與行為。理論上，直視光源容易引起視覺不舒適感，然而商業行為中，傳統攤商照明仍習慣使用裸光源。因此，在滿足基本照度的原則下，本研究設計模擬實驗，導入S.D.語意差異法作為主觀評價問卷的架構，藉由不同瓦數的光色變化，搭配不同燈具形式，對應不同環境背景，探討使用者於空間中的視覺主觀感受。最後將心理測量結果運用SPSS統計軟體進行分析，評估照明影響因子與主觀評價項目之相關性，並從12組照明模式中歸納出最佳與最差方案，供攤商照明設計之參考。
本研究內容可整理歸納以下結論：
一、攤商照明建議照度水準設定為258 lx，並搭配白色環境背景，讓整體環境呈現和諧舒適；局部照明採用75W燈泡色的螺旋燈泡，重點加強被照物且黃光會提升使用者的綜合感受；最後選用透光型燈罩，吸引目光的同時避免帶給視覺眩光的刺激。
二、當整體處於黑色無光的環境，若搭配裸光源的運用，光源不論是燈泡色或晝光色，因對比過於強烈，眩光對視覺帶來極大的刺激，因此，除特殊用途，並不建議設計強烈對比的照明環境，直視光源的確容易給視覺及心理帶來負面感受。
三、照明影響因子與主觀評價感受之相關性強弱依次為色溫度、輝度、照度。

關鍵字

照度 ； 色溫度 ； 輝度 ； 攤商照明

並列摘要

Light and shadow are sound media to shape the mood of space. The different combinations among brightness, darkness and colors will bring about certain incentives regarding visual perception, and further affect the user’s conception and behavior as well. Theoretically, direct light is easily caused f uncomfortable visual perception. However, in commercial behavior, traditional marketing are still using the bare light source for lighting. Therefore, the basic principle to meet the general illuminance, this study will focus on exploring how the users visual perception in certain space through three aspects: by changing of chromatic light with different watt, combined with different types of luminaire as well as comparing with different reflectance ratio of environmental materials. Integrating the above experimental elements, this study designs a model introducing Semantic Differential Method as the framework of subjective evaluating questionnaire to help judge testee’s mental feeling quickly. Finally, the psychometric outcomes are analyzed through SPSS process so as to evaluate the relationship between the lighting factor and subjective evaluation. The best and the worst type will be induced from twelve lighting models that will be a reference to the traditional market lighting.

This study can be concluded as follows:
1. General illuminance with 258 lx will be recommended to be used in the traditional market lighting combined with white background, so as to allow the entire environment more harmonious and comfortable. Then 75W spiral bulb can be used on local lighting to emphasize the objects which its yellow light will increase the whole perception of the users. Finally, pervious light lampshade will be recommended to attract a visual attention and avoid glare simultaneously.
2. While using the bare light source in a black and lightless environment, because of the strong contrast whatever it comes from warm temperature or daylight temperature, the glare will bring about tremendous incentive against visual perception. Therefore, if expect special purpose, the luminous environment with strong contrast is not recommended. The direct light source will easily result a negative perception both visually and mentally.
3. The strong to the weak relation between lighting factor and subjective evaluation are color temperature, brightness and illuminance.

並列關鍵字

Illuminance ； Color Temperature ； Brightness ； Traditional Market

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