直接轉矩控制演算法之晶片設計與分析

Design and analysis of the direct torque control IC algorithm

陳克芳(Ke-Fang Chen)

指導教授 ： 宋國明

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/電機工程系所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2006.00005

摘要

本篇論文以硬體描述語言（Verilog）撰寫硬體架構，並以標準單元式（Cell-Based）數位IC設計流程來設計與製作專為馬達控制用之直接轉矩控制（Direct Torque Control，DTC）晶片。
直接轉矩控制的基本原理為經由適當的選擇變頻器功率晶體的切換狀態，使馬達定子磁通與轉矩可以直接而且個別被控制，以獲得快速的馬達控制轉矩響應；藉由量測三相電流與利用變頻器的切換狀態取得馬達的三相電壓，將其轉換至d-q軸靜止座標，然後估測馬達的定子磁通與所產生的轉矩，再分別與預設的定子磁通值和轉矩值比較後，得到定子磁通誤差值與轉矩誤差值，再利用變頻器的切換表（Switching Table）與磁滯控制器（Hysteresis Controller），依定子磁通與轉矩誤差值從電壓源變頻器中的六個有效電壓向量與兩個零電壓向量中，選擇一個適當的電壓向量來控制定子磁通與轉矩，進而激發功率晶體，即可直接控制感應馬達。
首先，我們運用硬體描述語言編寫出系統的運作模式，待確認語法和功能正確無誤後，再使用ASIC(Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) 開發平台，藉由台積電0.35 um製程的元件庫與Synopsys和Candence兩大IC設計公司所提供的最佳化軟體來完成電路合成、自動佈局繞線與驗證等晶片開發程序，完成整個直接轉矩控制IC的製作。

關鍵字

硬體描述語言(HDL) ； 標準單元式(Cell-Based) ； 直接轉矩控制(Direct Torque Control，DTC) ； 切換表(Switching Table) ； 磁滯控制器(Hysteresis Controller) ； ASIC(Application-Specific Integrated Circuit)

並列摘要

The research of the thesis is based on the Hardware Description Languages (VERILOG). In order to implement the Direct Torque Control ASIC, the cell-based digital IC design flow is used to design the motor control IC.
The basic principle of the Direct Torque Control is to select the switching state of the inverter. Those switches will control the magnetism and torque of the stator, respectively, which induce a fast response to the induction motor. The d-q axle's static coordinate, which is transferred from both the three-phase current and the three-phase voltage, is used to compute the stator’s magnetism and torque. By comparing with original values, those magnetism and torque will be calculated into new data. Then the switching table and the hysteresis controller are decided with new data to generate a voltage vector to control the stator magnetism and torque.
First, the system function is programming with the Hardware Description Language (VERILOG). Then, we use the compiler to confirm the syntax of the VERILOG code. And that the synthesis tool, the auto place & routed, and the function simulation tool are used to verify the design results of the Direct Torque Control. Note that the TSMC0.35um library, the Synopsys software and the Candence software are used to implement the Direct Torque Control IC.

並列關鍵字

Verilog ； Cell-based ； Direct torque control ； Switching table ； Hysteresis controller ； Application-specific integrated circuit

參考文獻

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