三相感應電動機之直接轉矩控制系統晶片設計與製作

Design and implementation of an ASIC of the direct torque control system for three phase induction motor

方建翔(Jian-Xiang Fang)

指導教授 ： 蔡孟伸 ； 宋國明

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/自動化科技研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2007.00197

摘要

本篇論文以Verilog硬體描述語言來撰寫硬體架構，並以數位IC元件庫設計模式（Cell-based design style）的設計流程，來設計與製作一顆專為三相感應馬達控制用之直接轉矩控制（Direct Torque Control，DTC）晶片。
直接轉矩控制的基本原理為經由偵測馬達定子磁通與轉子轉速，來適當的選擇變頻器功率電晶體的切換狀態，以獲得快速且不易受外在環境影響的馬達控制響應；首先，根據量測三相電流與利用變頻器的切換狀態取得馬達的三相電壓，將其轉換至d-q軸靜止座標，然後藉此估測馬達的磁通量與轉矩量，再分別與偵測的定子磁通量和轉矩量比較後，得到定子磁通量與轉矩量比較的結果，再利用DTC電壓向量切換表(DTC Voltage Vector Switching table)，依定子磁通與轉矩的比較值及馬達所在的角度位置，來選擇一個適當的電壓向量，進而依切換順序來激發功率電晶體，達到控制感應馬達的目的。本文運用了硬體描述語言編寫出系統的運作模式，待確認功能正確無誤後，再使用ASIC(Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) 開發平台，藉由台積電TSMC0.35μm製程的元件庫與Synopsys和Candence兩大IC設計公司所提供的最佳化軟體來完成電路合成、自動佈局繞線與驗證等晶片開發程序，藉此完成整個三相感應電動機之直接轉矩控制系統晶片設計與IC的製作。

關鍵字

硬體描述語言(HDL) ； 元件庫設計模式(Cell-based design style) ； 直接轉矩控制(Direct Torque Control，DTC) ； 電壓向量切換表(Voltage Vector Switching table) ； ASIC(Application-Specific Integrated Circuit)

並列摘要

This thesis proposed the design and implementation of an ASIC for the motor control with DTC technology. Note that this ASIC is implemented by cell-based Design style with Verilog language.
The basic principle of the Direct Torque Control is to select the switch sequence of the inverter. Those switches will control the magnetism and torque of the stator, to induce a fast response of the induction motor. Furthermore, the d-q axle's static coordinate, which is transferred from both the three-phase current and voltage, is used to compute the stator’s magnetism and torque. By comparing with original values, those magnetism and torque will be calculated and set to new data. Then the switching table and the hysteresis controller are decided with the new data to generate a voltage vector and to control the stator magnetism and torque.
First, the system function is programming with the Hardware Description Language (VERILOG). Then, we use the compiler to confirm the syntax of the Verilog code. Then the synthesis tool, is used to process the auto place and routed functions. Finally, the function simulation tool are used to verify the design results of the Direct Torque Control. Note that the TSMC 0.35μm library, the Synopsys software and the Candence software are used to implement the Direct Torque Control IC of the motor control.

並列關鍵字

Hard description language ； Cell-based design style ； Direct torque control ； Voltage vector switching table ； Application-specific integrated circuit

參考文獻

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