- 學位論文
超高層大樓之變壓器最佳節能調度及其影響與效益評估
Optimal Transformer Dispatch for Energy Saving inthe Extra High-Rise Building and Affections and Benefit Appraisal
摘要
超高層大樓用電需量大，用電設備多且分佈範圍廣，需設置很多變電站及變壓器供電，變壓器累積的電能損失相當可觀。本論文對變壓器進行最佳調度，隨著負載的變化調整供電變壓器的數量併聯供電，以使整體的變壓器電能損失降至最低，同時滿足負載及相關限制條件，包括變壓器負載率、線路電流及電壓降等限制條件。文中首先建構變壓器最佳調度的數學模型，包括目標函數及限制函數，然後發展最佳調度法則，此法則將每一時段所有滿足限制條件的變壓器組合，計算其總電能損失，並找出其中電能損失最小的變壓器組合。由於變壓器調度結果，使變壓器重新組合供電，配電系統組態亦隨之改變，將影響電力諧波潮流及保護協調，本論文最後將對此加以檢討改善。最後，本論文將以依實際的超高層大樓為例，進行最佳節能調度，分別提出配合既設回路切換做最佳調度，及未來全面改善回路架構後之切換的最佳調度；以及其效益評估。評估結果不但證實本文提出的最佳調度法則實用可行，變壓器最佳節能調度效果之效益及重要性亦獲得重視。
並列摘要
The power demand is heavy in an extra high-rise building (EHB) with widely- distributed load equipment. To have sufficient power supply, the installation of many substations and transformers is required, yet accumulating considerable transformer loss at the same time. In order to minimize the overall transformer loss, this thesis thus aims at the optimal transformer dispatch which can adjust the amount of transformers in service according to the load variation and meanwhile meet the constraints on transformer loading rate, circuit current, and voltage drop. First, a mathematical model was proposed, including the objective function and the constraints. An optimal dispatching algorithm was then developed by computing the minimal transformer loss among all the combination of transformer dispatch in each time period. In addition, this thesis also covers the improvement strategy for the influences on the harmonic power flow and protection coordination, which are caused by the changed distribution system configuration due to the readjustment of transformer dispatch. At last, the thesis provides an optimal transformer dispatching solution and a benefit appraisal for a real EHB with respect to its existing circuit switching and future circuit switching after complete improvement on the circuit scheme. The appraising result not only verifies the feasibility and practicability of the optimization method developed in this thesis, but also reinforces the importance and benefit of the optimal transformer dispatch.