有害空氣污染物(Health-Damaging Pollutants, HDPs)與溫室氣體(Green House Gases, GHGs)一直是空氣資源管理研究中最重要的二大領域。許多技術或政策同時能減少空氣污染及溫室氣體,例如節能,再生能源及交通管理措施等等。但研究者和決策者不宜繼續再將空氣污染和溫室氣體視為二項分開的領域,因為二者的排放源及減量措施非常密切相關。本研究運用分析於不同規模之案例,同時在轉換的過程中,納入技術層面、經濟層面、社會層面的各種參數,故最後所得到的減量社會成本及社會效益,即已經涵蓋了技術、政策、社會、健康、經濟面的考量。 研究結果2004年環保署資源回收廢鐵類措施整體社會成本16億1,953萬元,成本效益比25.2倍,平均每資源回收1公噸廢鐵具經濟效益4,780元,增加台灣人民總壽命423人日;2003年鋼鐵業節能減量措施成本效益比中以廢熱回收項目為最高(10.7倍),整體節能減量措施之社會成本8億966萬元,增加醫療效益609萬元,台灣人民總增加之壽命7,362,739 人日;2004年台北市政府大樓節約能源措施整體淨成本3,141萬元,增加醫療效益61萬元,北部空品區居民之延長壽命2,465,582人日。無論資源回收、節約能源等措施,削減量皆以溫室氣體高於空氣污染物。社會成本比較部分皆以節省之內部成本較高。
Health-Damaging Pollutants (HDPs) and Green House Gases (GHGs) are two major study fields in the air resource management. Many technologies and policies, such as energy conservation, renewable energy and transportation sector measures, may simultaneously reduce both HDP and GHG emissions. Researchers and decision makers should no longer treat air pollution and climate change as separate topics, because their emission sources and control strategies are closely related. In this research, an Integrated Air Resource Co-Benefits Assessment Model was proposed. Damage function approach was conducted to quantify the short-term /long-term social benefits of the HDP and GHG reductions. In this model, the input costs of technologies or policies are related to the final social benefits, and the benefits of HDP and GHG reductions are integrated for cost/benefit evaluation. As the technical, economic, social factors involved in this model, external costs are internalized and considered by policy makers. The integrated cost/benefit evaluation of HDP and GHG reductions are very important in any decision making process.