捷運列車活塞效應與隧道溫升問題模擬分析

Simulation of Piston Effect and Temperature-rise Problem for Subway Tunnel

陳誌生(Chih-Sheng Chen)

指導教授 ： 施陽正

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/冷凍空調工程系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

台北捷運後續建設之地下車站，在月台區都設置月台門系統，月台門系統在月台區內可保障乘客的安全、降低環控需求及降低營運成本等，但是在軌道側，因為捷運列車活塞效應影響，使得壓力只能從釋壓旁通井釋壓，這對月台門耐壓是一項考驗。捷運列車在地下隧道往返頻率很高，在熱沉積效應下，土壤蓄熱能力趨於飽和之後，使得隧道內溫度逐漸升高。因此，本論文研究以數值模擬方式，以松山線G19市立體育場站分析，比較各種不同設計，對月台門壓力之影響，及以不同之吹送溫度探討隧道熱沉積效應之影響。
本論文研究利用計算流體力學之套裝軟體FLUENT6.1，以動態網格分析捷運列車移動對地下車站月台造成流場及壓力分佈情形，模擬中以變化捷運列車速度、釋壓旁通井高度、釋壓旁通井截面積及雙向列車同時進站等，對月台門壓力之影響。探討出當捷運列車速度愈快，則對月台門壓力愈大；當釋壓旁通井高度愈高，則釋壓旁通井對釋壓情況愈差；當釋壓旁通井截面積愈大與原設計條件來比較，則沒有太大差異；雙向列車同時進站，因為擠壓空氣互相牽引，對釋壓狀況不佳。
本研究以AIRPAK2.1模擬地下隧道熱沉積效應，當設定之空氣溫度愈高，則土壤熱飽和愈快，以捷運列車塞車時之地下隧道溫度設定為46℃時，則土壤約有200W/m的吸收能力，未來可以當作散熱之考量。

關鍵字

月台門 ； 活塞效應 ； 計算流體力學 ； 動態網格 ； 熱沉積效應

並列摘要

The follow-up construction of Taipei Metro system at underground station will establish a Platform Screen Door (PSD) system at platform. The platform screen door system can assure the safety of passengers within the platform and reduce the demands of environmental control as well as decrease the operational costs. However, owing to the influence of piston effect, the pressure can only be released through draught relief shaft. This is a challenge towards the PSD pressure resistance. The metro frequent round trips in the underground tunnels result in the effects of heat sink and the nearly saturation of soil heat retention ability, which make the temperature within tunnels to increase gradually. Thus, this thesis used the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) method to analyze the effects of various designing parameters on PSD pressure for the G19 station of Songshan line. In addition, the effect of different air temperature within the tunnel on the problem of heat sink was addressed in this study.
This thesis adopted the CFD software FLUENT6.1 to analyze the pressure variation resulting from the moving metro on the PSD. The dynamic mesh was employed to investigate the metro motion. The influence of metro speed, draught relief bypass shaft height, draught relief bypass shaft area, and two-way train to enter the station etc. on PSD pressure is considered in this study. The numerical results indicate that faster metro results in the larger pressure on the PSD. The higher the draught relief bypass shaft is, the worse the pressure-relieving ability is. The increase of draught relief bypass shaft area does not have significant change on pressure variation. The two-way metro entering the station at the same time is not good for the pressure depression because of the air drawing each other.
In this study, the CFD software-AIRPAK2.1 is employed to simulate the heat sink effect of the tunnel. According to the numerical results, it is known that when the higher the designing air temperature is, the faster the hot saturation of soil occurs. For example, when the air temperature within the tunnel is maintained below 46℃, the soil can absorb about 200W for per meter long of tunnel, which can be regarded as the designing reference of heat rejection.

並列關鍵字

Platform Screen Door ； Piston Effect ； CFD ； Dynamic Mesh ； Heat Sink

參考文獻

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