不同醇類FT燃料在柴油引擎上之適用性研究

近年來全球汽車總生產數量呈現正成長之趨勢，使得石化能源需求仍不斷持續增加，各國也致力開發新的石化能源來取代車用燃料。其FT(Fischer–Tropsch process)合成柴油具有較石化柴油高的十六烷值和燃料低熱值，又幾乎不含硫和芳香烴，又高十六烷值的FT合成柴油雖可明顯的縮短柴油引擎著火遲延時期的燃燒，但會減低著火遲延時期後預混合燃燒時期熱釋放率的最高峰值，而影響柴油引擎各轉速下的最大扭力。故為了提升FT合成柴油於柴油引擎預混合燃燒時期熱釋放率的最高峰值，而不致影響柴油引擎最大扭力。因此本研究將使用車輛常用醇類燃料，並以固定的比例混合添加在FT合成柴油中，以探討混合燃料對車用柴油引擎性能和廢氣排放的影響。從實驗結果顯示，所添加的醇類燃料中以甲醇最為合適，這是由於甲醇的成本最低，且甲醇-FT合成柴油混合燃料在油耗和引擎最大扭力的提升上，雖略遜於乙醇、丙醇和丁醇等三種FT合成柴油混合燃料，但對柴油引擎有害廢氣Smoke和NOx等濃度的排放減低效果較為明顯。

關鍵字

FT燃料；醇類燃料；引擎性能；制動燃料消耗率；廢氣排放

並列摘要

In recent years, the total automobile production quantity of the world is showing a positive growth trend, and making fossil energy demand has continued increasing, so many countries are active to develop the new energy sources to replace fossil fuel vehicles. In which FT (Fischer-Tropsch process) synthetic diesel fuel not only has higher cetane number and lower heat value than those of fossil diesel fuel, and also no sulfur and aromatics inside. Although, FT synthetic diesel fuel can significantly shorten the ignition delay phase, it will cause the lower peak heat release rate during the premixed combustion phase, and the maximum torque of each engine speed. Thus, in order to enhance the peak heat release rate of the FT synthetic diesel fuel in premixed combustion phase without affecting the maximum torque of the diesel engine. This study will use alcohol fuels which are commonly used in vehicles, and blended fixed proportions into FT synthetic diesel fuel to investigate the effect of the diesel engine’s performance and emissions. Experimental results show that the FT-methanol synthetic fuel is most appropriate for diesel engine, which has the lowest cost. Although, the brake specific fuel consumption and maximum engine torque of the FT-methanol synthetic are slightly lower than those of FT-ethanol synthetic fuel, FT-propylene synthetic fuel and FT-butanol synthetic fuel, the FT-methanol synthetic fuel can obviously reduce smoke and NOx emissions.

並列關鍵字

FT fuel ； Alcohol fuel ； Engine performance ； Brake specific fuel consumption ； exhaust emissions

參考文獻

[67] 陳勁中，「生質丁醇─基因改造菌種之研究近況」，石油季刊，第46 卷第2 期，2010，頁95∼106。

[71] 陳勁中，「生質丁醇生產潛力菌株之篩選」，石油季刊，第47卷第4期，2011，頁85∼98。

[3] R. Fraer, H. Dinh, K. Proc, L. Mc Cormick, K. Chandler and B. Buchholz, “Operating Experience and Teardown Analysis for Engines Operated on Biodiesel Blends(B20),” SAE paper, 2005.

[4] J.Serras-Pereira,P. G.Aleiferis,D.Richardson,S.Wallace, "Characteristics of Ethanol, Butanol, Iso-Octane and Gasoline Sprays and Combustion from a Multi-Hole."SAE paper 2008-01-1591.

[8] 國際能源總署(International Energy Agency, IEA)

國際替代計量

不同醇類FT燃料在柴油引擎上之適用性研究

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