乙醇混合燃料性質對機車引擎廢氣排放影響之研究

The study on the effect emission on a small EFI engine by using ethanol blended fuel properties

游文杰(wun-jie You)

指導教授 ： 林百福

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

因為醇類是一種可再生的低污染能源，且燃料性質近似於汽油，故可直接使用或混合石化汽油使用於SI引擎上，是目前最為普遍使用的生質替代能源。當今石化汽油中混合10%以下的E10 (石化汽油中混合10%乙醇) 酒精汽油已在國際上被普遍使用中，其主要的目的是作為節能減排的能源政策。故本研究使用汽油，以及E3(石化汽油中混合3%乙醇) E5和E10等四種燃料做為實驗燃料，使用在一氣冷式，四衝程，125cc的燃料噴射汽油引擎進行實驗，並使用美國ASTM的測試標準來檢驗乙醇燃料性質，與探討這四種燃料的燃料特性、燃料消耗率、燃料能源效率和廢氣排放的比較。經實驗結果證明，使用乙醇燃料可以增加燃料辛烷值、降低MTBE、硫、苯和膠質，以減少有害的廢氣排放，且因為乙醇有較低的雷式蒸汽壓值，會增加引擎在冷啟動的困難。在實際引擎測試結果顯示，乙醇燃料比汽油燃料有較低BSEC值和降低引擎廢氣排放中CO和HC的濃度值，由於乙醇燃料含有氧原子，所以隨著乙醇添加在汽油的比例越高，則將使廢氣排放中CO2和NOX的濃度值亦增加。由此可知，使用乙醇燃料能達到節省燃料和降低廢氣排放之功效。

關鍵字

酒精燃料 ； 替代能源

並列摘要

As one of clean alternative and low pollution fuels, the Alcohol’s fuel properties are the similar to gasoline. The Alcohol fuel could be used directly or blend with fossil fuel on SI engine. Therefore, it becomes the most widely used alternative energy. To reach the main purpose of saving energy and reducing pollution policy, the Gasohol called E10 (which is blend with fossil fuel and 10% Ethanol) is widely used internationally now. In this study we use G95 (fuels 95 unleaded gasoline), E3 (unleaded gasoline mix with 3% Ethanol), E5 (unleaded gasoline mix with 5% Ethanol) and E10 (unleaded gasoline mix with 10% Ethanol) as the experimental fuels. To investigate and compare the BSFC and exhaust emissions of these four fuels, we used these four fuels separately in the electronic fuel injection (EFI) system engine which is single cylinder, air-cooled, four-stroke, 125 CC. The results of this experiment show that the ethanol blend fuel had a lower vapor pressure, lower sulfur content, lower gum content, lower benzene content, and higher-octane value than the G95 fuel. After the experiment, the result shows that ethanol can reduce BSFC, decrease engine-out HC and CO emissions than 95 unleaded gasoline fuel. As previously noted, using the ethanol blend fuel the effect of conserving energy and reducing emissions will be better than using the 95 unleaded gasoline.

並列關鍵字

Ethanol fuel ； Alternative energy

參考文獻

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