- 學位論文
醫療供應鏈之協同規劃、預測、補貨模式建構研究
The Study of Implementing CPFR Model in Medical Supply Chain Management
摘要
隨著資訊科技進步，國內醫療資訊的應用逐漸普及，各大醫院陸續導入電子化採購以降低醫療採購成本。但醫院與藥商之間的資訊系統格式未統一、變動大的藥品需求量無法精確掌控，造成醫療採購成本居高不下與藥品庫存過多或缺貨的現象。國外醫藥業已有27.3% 實施供應鏈協同規劃、預測、補貨 (CPFR) 模式，來提高醫療服務水準及避免醫療資源浪費與採購無效率。故本研究目的為促使醫院與藥商相互簽定協同合約，願意共享資訊與共擔成本風險，來減少藥品訂單變異性、採購成本、庫存成本、缺貨損失、降低急單率及提高醫療服務水準，故提出有效地醫療業 CPFR 導入模式，並包含觀念引進、推行步驟與技術、預期實施成效之評估等。然而，為使其更具可行性與實務應用，本研究先以十一家個案訪談了解醫院目前的藥品採購現況，其中包括藥品採購流程及採購系統現況、藥用量預測方式、買賣雙方的互動過程是否有資訊分享、採購供貨狀況等等。接著再依據受訪醫院的採購流程及 CPFR 九大步驟，發展醫院藥品採購之 CPFR 模式。然後再以個案醫院受訪者填寫的二份問卷，分別探討 CPFR 導入醫療業之可行性效益及運用層級分析法 ( Analytic Hierarchy Process , AHP ) 探討其考量因素的權重分析。最後再整合醫院受訪者的評估及國外企業導入CPFR後的效益，進行效益評估分析。本研究結果可提供醫院導入 CPFR 模式時的參考依據，並達到採購、庫存與人力成本減少，交貨及採購時間縮短，缺貨與急單率降低，以及醫療服務水準提高，進而對實務上的醫院藥品採購有所貢獻。
並列摘要
With the advance of information technology, the domestic medical information applies gradually popularizes. Each hospital leads into the e-procurement to reduce the medical purchase cost one after another. However, information system formats do not integrate between hospitals and medicine suppliers. The large variation of drugs causes drug demand to be difficult to control, to make medical purchase cost still very high and the more of drug inventories to keep in stock or the less of drug inventories to run out of stock. The foreign medicine industry has already 27.3 percent of enterprises to implement on the Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR) to enhance the medical service level and to avoid medical resource waste and purchase inefficiency. Hence, the purpose of this research is to help hospitals and medicine suppliers mutually sign the collaborative contract, which would further to share information and cost risk to reduce the variability of drug orders, the cost of purchase, stock, and shortage, the reduction of the rate of urgent orders and the enhancement of medical service level. Therefore, the effective CPFR model is proposed for the medical industry including the concept of CPFR introduction, the step and technology of CPFR carrying out, the anticipated implementation result of evaluation and so on. However, to demonstrate the feasibility and practicality of CPFR model , this research is applied in eleven hospitals case studies to understand the present purchasing situation of drugs in hospitals. This includes the drug procurement processes, the current procurement system situations, the drug demand forecasts, the interaction process of businesses sharing information, the purchasing supply situations and so on. Then, the CPFR model of drugs purchasing in hospitals is based on the purchase process of hospitals and the nine steps of CPFR to develop it. Two questionnaires were filled in by hospital participants, which discussed about the feasible benefits of CPFR model to lead into medical industry, and the weight analysis of consideration factors of CPFR in AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. Finally, this research integrates the evaluation of hospital participants and the benefits of foreign enterprises introducing CPFR to proceed the performance evaluation analysis. The findings may provide hospitals the reference to introduce CPFR model, to reduce the purchase, stock, and human resource cost, to decrease the delivery and purchase time, to drop the rate of short stocks and urgent orders, as well as to enhance the medical service level and the contribution to the hospital drug purchasing in practice.