生質酒精油品性質對柴油引擎性能影響之研究

The Study on the effect of Bioethanol to the Diesel Engine Performance

曹文杰(Wen-Chieh Tsao)

指導教授 ： 林百福

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

由於石化燃料短缺及全球暖化的問題日益嚴重，因此，世界各國近年來皆致力開發和尋找新興的替代性燃料，其主要目的為減少溫室氣體CO2和有害汙染物的排放，同時延長不可再生的石化燃料之使用年限。2007年9月政府極力推廣生質酒精後，生質酒精也成為國內替代性燃料之一，且生質酒精原料目前以糖類和澱粉質為主，因轉化技術的成熟使得供應上幾乎沒有匱乏之疑，故取得相當便利。因此，本研究將生質酒精做為市售超級柴油的添加燃料，用以降低柴油引擎廢氣排放中的各種汙染物濃度，並在市售超級柴油中添加5%、10%、15%及20%四種不同比例的高純度99.9%無水酒精及純度95.85%的一般酒精，比較八種燃料對直噴式柴油引擎的性能影響。經由實驗結果得知，市售超級柴油添加四種不同比例的一般酒精在各廢氣排放濃度均較添加高純度無水酒精低，為smoke排放濃度低約18.30%~24.60%、NOX排放濃度低約4.49%~5.52%和HC排放濃度低約3.42%~11.07%，以及排氣溫度低約1.01%~2.50%和最大扭力值高約0.94%~1.18%，但在燃料消耗率則較添加高純度無水酒精高約4.20%~7.16%。

關鍵字

酒精 ； 乳化燃料 ； 直噴式柴油引擎 ； 引擎性能 ； 燃料消耗率 ； 廢氣排放

並列摘要

Because of the petrochemical fuel is shortage and the global warming's question is become more and more serious. Therefore, various countries are devoted to develop and to seek for the substituent energy resources in recent years, its main purpose to reduce greenhouse gas CO2 and the harmful pollutant emissions, simultaneously, lengthen of useful life to the non-renewable petrochemical fuel. In September 2007, government promotes vigorously the bioethanol, it has become one of alternative fuels in our country. Currently, the main feed source is from the carbohydrate and the starchiness, due to maturity of the technology makes the extraction of fuel more convenient, and almost no shortage of doubts. In this study, the bioethanol to do adding fuel in the super diesel, used to reducing each kind of pollutant density in the diesel engine exhaust gas discharge, and there were ethanol and purely anhydrous ethanol, according to the 5%、10%、15% and 20%, four kind of different proportions to adding to commercially available super diesel and making for the DI Diesel Engine do a engine performance comparison to compared with eight kind of fuels. The results indicated that the commercially available diesel fuel added four kind of different proportions of ethanol were worse than those of added purely anhydrous ethanol in various exhaust gas discharge density, it can reduce smoke roughly 18.30%~24.60%, NOX probably 4.49%~5.52%, HC probably 3.42%~11.07%, exhaust gas temperature about 1.01%~2.50% and upgrade the engine torque about 0.94%~1.18%. But the fuel consumption performance showed that ethanol was worse than purely anhydrous ethanol, and the fuel consumption up to about 4.20%~7.16%.

並列關鍵字

Ethanol ； Emulsified fuel ； DI Diesel Engine ； Engine performance ； Fuel consumption ； Exhaust gas emission

參考文獻

[1] 左峻德，「我國發展生質能源產業之可能性」，農業生技產業

而保健康」，生質能源應用與展望，2005。

羅．希爾國際股份有限公司，1996。

科技大學機械工程系碩士班，雲林，2006年。

Espacio, no.3, 1990.