廢輪胎物質流佈分析與物質再利用發展之研究

臺灣地區之機動車輛密度高居世界之冠，根據統計，國內每年所產生之廢輪胎數量總計達10萬噸以上，廢輪胎之處置已成為須迫切解決之環境問題。同時，受環境永續發展之國際趨勢影響，對於國內之廢輪胎物質再利用發展有必要深入探討，因此，調查廢輪胎之物質流佈與物質再利用發展實為重要之議題。本研究以物質流分析方法，主要調查物質進入一系統內之流動情形，及從系統輸出至另一系統過程，本研究透過行政院環保署「全國事業廢棄物管制系統」、財政部關稅總局及經濟部國貿局「中華民國進出口貿易統計系統」等三大系統查詢結果為依據，針對國內小客車用（15吋至19吋）與大客車及貨車用（20吋至23吋）之輻射層輪胎進行廢輪胎物質流佈之調查推估。結果顯示，2009年國內小客車用以及與大客車及貨車用輻射層輪胎之製造與進口量分別為97,972 ton/y以及40,480 ton/y，出口量分別為75,018 ton/y以及11,195 ton/y，而由輪胎製造業之營業量比例與輪胎使用年限推估廢棄量分別為31,194 ton/y以及6,884 ton/y。依據質量平衡模式可推估2009年之流向不明之廢輪胎流佈，計算結果顯示，流向不明之小客車用以及與大客車及貨車用輻射層輪胎分別為10,240 ton/y以及1,451 ton/y。根據臺灣廢輪胎物質流佈分析結果，本研究從法令管制面、資源化處理面及市場趨勢面進行探討，具體提出國內廢輪胎物質再利用發展之策略與改善建議，以期政府單位與輪胎產業鏈朝向環境永續發展與資源循環再利用之目標。

關鍵字

物質流分析；流佈；再利用；廢輪胎

並列摘要

The density of motor vehicles in Taiwan is higher than other countries. According to statistics, the amount of waste tires generated 10 million tons each year in Taiwan. The disposal of waste tires has become an urgent environmental problem. At the same time, waste tire’s material reuse development needs depth discussion necessary because of the international trend of environmental sustainability. Therefore, it is an important issue to investigate the fate and material reuse development of waste tire. This study uses material flow analysis (MFA) to investigate waste tires, and we focus on two parts of radial tires: cars (15 inches to 19 inches) and trucks (20 inches to 23 inches). Our data collections are from three government organizations including Taiwan Environment Protection Administration, Directorate General of Customs, and Bureau of Foreign Trade. According to the results of MFA, the manufacture and import volume of radial tires for cars and trucks were 97,972 ton/y and 40,480 ton/y ; the export volume were 75,018 ton/y and 11,195 ton/y in 2009. According to the statistics of tire’s lifespan and proportion of sales volume, waste tire’s volume accounted about 31,194 ton/y and 6,884 ton/y in 2009. According to the mass balance formula, we can estimate the unknown flow in this system. The result show that the volume of radial tires for cars and trucks were 10,240 ton/ y and 1,451 ton/y in 2009. We conjectured that the unknown flow was used tire market in Taiwan. According to the results of Taiwan waste tires made from material flow analysis, we make an attempt to enhance the waste tire’s material reuse development and try to provide practical strategies from the administration, waste recycling, and market trends. In conclusion, we hope this study can take a step in the direction of environmental sustainable development and resource recycling.

並列關鍵字

Material Flow Analysis (MFA) ； Fate ； Reuse ； Waste Tire

參考文獻

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廢輪胎物質流佈分析與物質再利用發展之研究

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