台灣半導體產業環境管理與碳足跡現況及生命週期評估軟體需求探討

Current status of Environmental Management and Product Carbon Footprint and the needs of Life Cycle Assessment Software for Semiconductor Industry in Taiwan

張韋豪(Wei-Hao Chang)

指導教授 ： 胡憲倫

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00368

摘要

為了對抗全球暖化，以減少碳的排放，各先進國家已開始著手規劃將產品的碳足跡作為非關稅貿易障礙，或課徵碳關稅的依據。半導體產業是台灣電子產業的基礎，其上中下游之產業鏈對台灣經濟發展有相當重要的影響，而隨著節能減碳浪潮的興起，產品碳足跡(Product Carbon Footprint, PCF)的評估，更成為企業展現其減緩全球暖化決心的重要作法，半導體產業自然也無法自外於此一趨勢。因此，在其執行環境評估及產品碳足跡(PCF)的過程中，一個簡便、聰明且兼具決策導向的評估軟體，將攸關評估結果之優劣與成敗。
為了解半導體產業上中下游對於環境評估及產品碳足跡(PCF)軟體的需求，本研究以半導體產業及其應用產業作為研究對象，進行問卷調查，總計發放589份問卷，回收有效樣本106份，回收率為18%，調查內容主要分為(一)環境管理實務及產品生命週期評估與(二)產品碳足跡(PCF)之相關問題兩大部分；而後者又再分成產品碳足跡(PCF)之執行現況、驅動力、障礙及軟體需求等四面向，冀望能了解現行產業的現況與需求，作為後續環境評估及產品碳足跡(PCF)軟體的開發基礎。
研究結果顯示，由於企業執行產品碳足跡主要為滿足客戶要求及法律規範，故仍然有相當多的半導體企業對產品碳足跡不熟悉且處於被動。除此之外，執行產品碳足跡計算時主要障礙為軟體的價格過高與盤查時間過長。另外，本研究建議未來軟體開發時，應講究輸入及結果產出之格式，如以BOM表的方式進行盤查數據的輸入，以減少盤查所需投入之時間與成本，且完成盤查與計算後所產出之數據形式為單一產品之碳足跡數據，而軟體本身必須具備中英文語言的選擇模式，以提高作業之效率並降低操作錯誤所導致的數據結果之不確定性。綜合以上所述，台灣半導體產業需持續進行環境管理與碳足跡，以提升企業永續之發展之競爭能力。

關鍵字

環境管理 ； 生命週期評估 ； 碳足跡 ； 相關性分析

並列摘要

In order to fight for the global warming and to curb the carbon emissions, several developed countries are planning to use product carbon footprint issue to be the basis of non-tariff barriers or taxation. The semiconductor industry is the basis of electronic industry. Its upstream, middle-stream, and downstream industrial chains significantly influence the country’s economic development. The environmental and sustainable wave has an effect on the semiconductor industry, particularly on the requirements for energy conservation and carbon reduction. One of the most important codes of practices for enterprises is the product carbon footprint (PCF) assessment, which shows the determination of a company to contribute to the alleviation of global warming. In determining the performance of environmental assessment and product carbon footptints, a simple, smart and decision-making oriented assessment software will play a decisive role.
To understand the requirements of the upstream, middle-stream, and downstream industrial chains of the semiconductor industry for environmental and PCF software, a survey was conducted throughout the semiconductor industry and downstream application in Taiwan, with 589 samples and 106 are valid. This study assesses the issue in two parts. The first part explores the common issues on environmental assessment and software tools, and the problems related to enterprises’ implementation of PCF, among others. The second part of the study examines the four aspects of PCF—implementation status, driving force, obstacles, and software requirements—to gain a better understanding of the current status and the requirements of the industry as the developmental basis for subsequent environmental assessment and PCF.
The result show that there are still quite a lot proportion of companies not too familiar with PCF and their altitude was passive. Besides, the main obstacles of implementing product carbon footprint are high price of commercial software and long period time for data inventory. In addition, the software developer should pay attention to the format of input and output, such as directly input from BOM to save time and cost, carbon footprint data for single product, and to include Chinese and English switch mode. In summary, IC related companies need to continuously working on environmental management, to reduce their green house gases and to improve their green competitiveness.

並列關鍵字

Environmental Management ； Life Cycle Assessment ； Carbon Footprint ； Correlation Analysis

參考文獻

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