以靜電紡絲法製作聚乳酸/氧化鋅奈米纖維薄膜

The Fabrication of PLA/ZnO Nano-fibrous Membrane by Electrostatic Spinning Method

劉耀中(YAO-CHUNG LIU)

指導教授 ： 鄭國彬

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/有機高分子研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2008.00381

摘要

聚乳酸為一種生物可吸收、可分解之生質材料，其環境親和性佳，使聚乳酸成為近年來備受重視之高分子材料。聚乳酸可溶於二氯甲烷中，形成高分子溶液，利用靜電紡絲技術製備具有奈米纖維結構之薄膜。使用二氯甲烷這種低沸點的溶劑系統，在靜電紡絲過程中，常會導致Taylor cone在成形前後即生成阻塞物於針尖端，使靜電紡絲過程斷絲停止。本研究則藉由使用混合溶劑CH2Cl2/ DMF來改善針孔端阻塞的問題，使PLA奈米紡絲過程能連續順利運作。
本研究第一階段利用各種不同操作條件包括PLA溶液濃度、操作電壓、紡絲距離，尋找最佳操作參數，結果得知高分子溶液10 wt％，操作電壓18 kV，紡絲距離15cm為最佳條件，所製得纖維薄膜之纖維平均直徑約在473nm。第二階段實驗在PLA高分子溶液中添加不同比例（1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 wt％）之奈米氧化鋅粉體，利用最佳條件製得不同奈米ZnO粉體含量之PLA/ ZnO纖維複合薄膜，以SEM觀察纖維平均細度約在303nm~603nm。以EDS對PLA/ZnO奈米纖維膜做元素分析，圖譜中出現Zn的元素特徵峰。以ATR-FTIR對PLA/ZnO奈米纖維膜做表面特徵官能基分析，發現添加ZnO並未出現新的官能基特性峰或是造成偏移現象，代表本研究屬於物理混掺。並且對PLA/ZnO奈米纖維膜做DMA機械性質分析，發現隨著ZnO添加量的提高機械性質會有下降的趨勢。DSC與TGA熱性質分析結果，隨著ZnO粉體添加量的提升，熱裂解溫度也隨之降低，但是對玻璃轉化溫度、熔點並未造成顯著的影響。對金黃色葡萄球菌和大腸桿菌之抑菌能力測試結果發現添加1wt％ZnO粉體，對大腸桿菌就有抗菌效果，而對金黃色葡萄球菌要達到抗菌效果需添加9wt％以上。

關鍵字

聚乳酸 ； 氧化鋅 ； 靜電紡絲 ； 奈米纖維 ； 抗菌

並列摘要

Poly lactic acid (PLA) polymer materials have been more and more popular these years. Due to its attribute of biodegradable, biocompatible and nontoxic to human body and environments, lots research about Poly lactic acid (PLA) polymer materials received great attentions. In this study, PLA was added into CH2Cl2/ DMF solvent during electro spinning in order to reduce the blocks occurred on tip of Taylor cone so that the nanofibrous membrane could be produced smoothly.
The first step of this experiment was to find out the best condition to produce PLA polymer fibrous membrane. As polymer fibrous membrane is affected by operating parameters while electro spinning. The best production conditions of PLA fibrous products were obtained. It showed that the PLA fibrous with average diameter 473nm could be produced under the conditions of 10 wt％ polymer solution concentration, 18 kV operating voltage and 15cm capillary-screen distance.
The second step of this experiment was to add ZnO powders into PLA polymer solution to produce PLA/ZnO composite nanofibrous membrane. The SEM was applied to investigate the morphology of fibrous membranes and the results showed that its average diameters were in the range of 303nm~603nm, The EDS results showed the featuring peak of Zn and also, from the data of ATR-FTIR test, it was concluded that neither new groups were made nor phenomenon of displacement was happened. The mechanical properties of PLA/ZnO nanofibrous membrane were investigated by DMA. The experimental results showed that the mechanical properties declined with the increasing of ZnO concentration. The thermal properties were analyzed by DSC and TGA. The crystalline of PLA polymer decreased once ZnO was added which was taken account of the low thermal collapse temperature.
The characteristic of inhibition of bacteria growth of PLA fibrous membrane would be achieved by adding ZnO. From the experimental results, it showed that PLA nanofibrous membrane containing1wt％ ZnO could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli. Furthermore, as the ZnO content higher than 9wt％, it showed effect on inhibiting the growth of staphylococcus.

並列關鍵字

PLA ； ZnO ； Electrospinning ； Nano-fibrous ； Antibiotic

參考文獻

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