運用空氣彈簧與非線性吸振器於複合型減振平台之研發

被動式減振或避振平台由於架構簡單、成本低廉，在工業界仍然被廣泛的應用，但被動式平台最大的缺點是頻寬固定等，幾乎無使用彈性可言，為了改善此缺點，本研究應用了空氣壓力可調變之特性，來設計被動式隔振平台，並加入了線性吸振器與自參數調變吸振器(AVA)，前者與隔振平台組成VAI(vibration absorbing isolator)，線性吸振器可以降低中隔振器的振動，而隔振器則消除高頻振動；AVA則會吸收隔振器之低頻共振振幅。研究過程中，先將VAI平台模型化，再以數值軟體模擬驗證，模擬之結果顯示出，空氣彈簧內之空氣壓力可以改變系統本身及吸振器的自然頻率，且吸振器可以有效減少隔振器的振動；自參數調變吸振器除了使用運動方程式來做時域分析，並且運用多尺度分析法(multiple-scale)來分析各種吸振器參數對減振效能的影響。在實驗驗證方面，除了以雷射測距儀對空氣彈簧進行勁度分析外，也另使用激振器掃頻(sweep)得到由空氣彈簧與質量塊所組成的隔振平台自然頻率，且經過多次的調整空氣彈簧內部空氣壓力，結果顯示此平台確實能藉由調整氣壓來等比改變自然頻率，且減振效能優於目前業界產品。最後驗證VAI以及AVA系統，實驗發現VAI於某些頻寬中能夠消除隔振器40%以上的振幅；AVA系統由於模型組合的關係，使得單擺吸振器阻尼過大，無法產生減振情形，需要改變單擺運動方向可望減少吸振器阻尼。

關鍵字

自參數調變；擾動分析法；單擺；空氣彈簧

並列摘要

Passive vibration isolator is due to the simple structure and low cost; therefore, it is still a wide range of applications in the industry, but the drawback of passive isolator workbench is it can’t change system parameters and the bandwidth is fixed. In order to improve the drawback, this study applies tunable air springs to design passive vibration isolation, and add a linear vibration absorber and an autoparametric vibration absorber(AVA) to the system. The Linear vibration absorber and the passive vibration isolation comprise VAI (Vibration absorbing isolator) system, the linear vibration absorber can reduce medium frequency vibration of isolator, and isolator can reduce high frequency vibration of ground; AVA can absorb amplitude of low frequency resonance. In this study, first to model the VAI, then apply numerical software to simulate and verify. Simulation results demonstrate that, air pressure can change the natural frequency of system and linear absorber, and the tunable linear absorber can reduce vibration of isolator effectively; Second, use motion function to do the time-domain analysis of AVA, and use multiple-scale analysis method to analyze the effect of parameters on AVA. Experimental verification, apply laser displacement sensor to measure stiffness of air spring, and use exciter’s sweep mode to excite isolator to measure natural frequency. After repeatedly adjust internal air pressure of air spring, the results show that it can change the natural of isolator, and the performance of reducing vibration is better than industrial product. Finally, verify the performance of VAI and AVA, the results show that VAI can reduce about 40% vibration amplitude in some frequency bandwidth. Because of the assembly of AVA parts, pendulum’s damping coefficient is too large, so the AVA can’t reduce vibration. Using cantilever beam to substitute for pendulum can improve the damping coefficient of AVA .

並列關鍵字

Autoparametric ； Perturbation Analysis ； Pendulum ； Air Spring

參考文獻

[8] 王信富，應用非線性元件於高架地板之創新設計隔振器研究，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所，台北，2008。

[2] 卓煥昌，形狀記憶合金彈簧懸吊系統用於光碟機平台減振之研究，碩士論文，大葉大學機械工程研究所，彰化，2006。

[5] 蔡忠璟，應用非線性元件模組之創新微避振平台研發，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所，台北，2006。

[7] 林逸倫，非線性元件於隔振之效應分析及驗究，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所，台北，2008。

[9] Felipe CV, Giovanni IK, Domingos AR, "Tuning dynamic vibration absorbers by using ant colony optimization," Computers & Structures, Vol. 86, Issues 13–14, July 2008, pp.1539–1549.

國際替代計量

運用空氣彈簧與非線性吸振器於複合型減振平台之研發

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