提昇洗掃街車對空氣中PM10防治效率之研究

A Study of Improvement for Efficient Street Sweeper to Prevent Ambient PM10 Pollution

盧俊中(Chun-Chung Lu)

指導教授 ： 章裕民

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境規劃與管理研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

近年來，由於政府大力推動「加強街道揚塵洗掃計畫」，且根據參與加強街道揚塵洗掃計畫之各縣市環保局所提供的資料顯示，此計畫的推動能顯著改善各縣市街道之清潔及藉由路面塵土負荷的減少，降低道路揚塵之再揚起發生機率以減少懸浮微粒之排放,進而達到空氣污染改善的目標。
然而進行掃街作業時，有鑑於台灣現今所使用的掃街車大多來自於國外，且其所能改變之功能參數(如:掃刷轉速、車速…等)有限。除配合最佳洗街車作業發揮最大的掃街效益外，如何配合理論基礎及洗掃機具特性，進行洗掃街車設備增修作業，利用原有內裝空間，增修空氣污染物防制設備，以期減少排放污染物之可能性。將車體內可能修改空間裝修採樣平台，其大小以能架設兩台雷射偵測器(TOPAS)空間為基準。同時偵測經同一污染源產生之攜塵氣流，此攜塵氣流將一部份經空氣污染防治設備所處理之淨化氣流和另一部份未經過處理之攜塵氣流，藉由所偵測得到的數據，再以PM10防治效率定義: ×100%，用以判別增修前後之洗掃效益增加與否，且比較不同粒狀污染物防治制元件(如:濾網採用的材質不同)。
由實驗結果可知模組A(增修旋風分離器)可提升對PM10平均防治效率為26.6%，而模組B(增修旋風分離器與濾材) 可提升對PM10平均防治效率為44.0%。進而可知洗掃街車經增修污染控制設備後，對於洗掃街車作業時，周界空氣品質改善能有相當實質的助益。

關鍵字

洗掃街車 ； 旋風分離器 ； 濾材

並列摘要

Beacause, steet sweeping is impelled by the government recently. According to the reports about “street sweeping” from different counties , This project is an effective way to keep street clean, reducing the probability of deposited dust re-suspension from the road surface, and the air pollution to be improvent.
However, most of the large-scaly street-sweepers in Taiwan are imported from the foreign countries. Beacause, the fundmental characteristics of sweepers are uniform. So, how to make use of limited space in swpeeper to assemble air pollution control device (APCD) to decrease pollutant from sweeper.Trying to set a sampling table and the scale of table must be set two laser detector (Topas) for sampling the same plouutant from sweeper. The stream of particle from the same pollutant in sweeper’s piping has two parts. One is to deal with the stream of particle by pollution control device (APCD), another is discharged from sweeper directly.By the definition of PM10 preventive efficiency to evaluate the benefit of street sweeping after assembling APCD, and compare the effiency with different device.
As the result , the average PM10 preventive efficiency of Mode A(cyclone) is 26.6% and Mode B(cyclone+filters) is 44.0%. It can proved that sweeper after assembling APCD help to improve air plloution.

並列關鍵字

sweeper ； cyclone ； filter

參考文獻

[1]Y. M. Chang, C. M. Chou, W. Y. Lin and J. C. Chen, "Evaluation on Street Sweeping and Washing to Reduce Ambient PM10, "International J. of Environment & Pollution, 2006.

[3]M. S. Akhter and I. M. Madany, "Metals in street and house dust in Bahrain, "Water Air and Soil Pollution, vol 66, 1993,pp. 111-119.

[17]黃信文，大型裸露地PM10防治措施效率及其施用效益之研究-以稻草鋪蓋為例，國立臺北科技大學，碩士論文，台北，2004。

[18]徐禾杰，街道洗掃作業懸浮微粒（PM10）動態變化及最適洗掃條件之研究，國立臺北科技大學，碩士論文，台北，2004。

[19]R.M. Harrison , A.R. Deacon and M.R. Jones, "Sources and Processes Affecting