- 學位論文
大型裸露地PM10防治措施效率及其施用效益之研究-以稻草鋪蓋為例
Effectiveness of Prevention Coverage to Control PM10 for large Scale Exposure Area - A Case Study of Woven Straw
摘要
根據本研究目的為探討減少裸露地粒狀污染物逸散的稻草織物覆蓋（兼含綠化植被）之可行控制方式。藉著調整防治措施（稻草織物覆蓋\\\\\\及綠化植被）的施用條件，分別在類似「風洞(wind tunnel)」的設施進行實驗與實際採樣比對，進而分析大型裸露地之PM10排放特性，評估裸露地表改善前後之PM10改善、減量成效。 研究結果顯示，在風洞模擬部分，稻草織物覆被率50％下其防治效率的變化相較不顯著，在風速為0.1m�s時，其防治效率為65％∼75％之間，在風速3.0m�s時，稻草織物覆被率之防治效率則較低，約為40％∼50％，當條件為覆蓋率50％，風速3.0m�s且表土含水率約5％時，其防治效率只有39.24％，而當稻草織物覆被率達90％時，其防治效率可明顯觀察出其效用，而當風速為0.1m�s且表土含水率達20％時，其防治效率可達到90％之效果。 在實場方面，由現場之環境條件套入風洞模擬實驗中，可以估略出稻草覆蓋率90％下PM10防治效率應該介於67％∼81％之間，但是實場真正之PM10防治效率卻只有41.60％，明顯比風洞模擬實驗低，其原因是因為風洞可由風向控制粒子單向排放，容易控制改變因子。而綠化植生經研究後則與稻草織物覆蓋在PM10防治方面可交互使用，雖無累計效果，卻能大幅提升裸露地PM10防治效率。
並列摘要
Woven Straw have been demonstrated to be a cost-effective measure to prevent PM10 (particle matter sized less than 10 μm). PM10 is a typical air pollution source produced emitted from exposure area, like cropland. From the engineering application point of view, an approach using dimensionless analysis with a multi-variable regression method based on PM10 experimental data would be worth exploring to predict the prevention efficiencies of woven straw. A series of field-analogous experiments were carried out to measure PM10 using TOPAS samplers (continuous laser monitoring, serial No. 1055) in an artificial wind tunnel system for woven straw. It is found that the prevention efficiencies of PM10 is significantly dependent on the coverage percentage of woven straw, and the prevention efficiency was also affected primarily by the moisture, silt content, and the wind velocity. Correlated with these primary parameters, a useful equation is proposed to estimate the prevention efficiencies that would be valid under the appropriate conditions suggested by this work.