街道洗掃作業懸浮微粒（PM10）動態變化及最適洗掃條件之研究

Study on Dynamic Characteristics of PM10 and Optimal Operating Parameters for Street Sweeping/Washing

徐禾杰(Ho-Chieh Hsu)

指導教授 ： 章裕民

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境規劃與管理研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討在洗掃作業進行中PM10之動態變化及最適洗掃條件，以期獲致最佳洗掃成效。本研究於93年8月起於台北縣之主要具代表性之道路進行街塵、PM10採樣及最適洗掃條件試驗。
研究結果發現，在PM10之動態變化特性部分，洗掃作業之初期並無法提供有效的PM10削減成效，反而造成該區域地表面空氣中PM10濃度的增高，然而這些負值會隨著時間的增加而逐漸回復至洗掃前。當假設不再有同樣洗掃擾動時，此 由開始的負值回復至零的時間，平均約3.3小時左右。由於無再揚塵或其他的重大外來PM污染源，PM10去除效率終會達到穩定值，其結果約需8.5小時，此代表在PM10動態變化時，洗掃作業可能在某種程度上會使空氣品質中PM10的濃度減低。
此外，在影響洗掃效率之最適洗掃條件實驗結果顯示，當掃街車條件設定在車速8km/hr、掃刷轉速2500rpm及用水量為0.04 L/s時，可獲得最佳的洗掃效率（ηs），其平均效率約為74.31％；當洗街車條件設定在車速10km/hr、噴水壓力為高壓（總噴水量16.13 L/s）、噴水角度為45°及用水量全開，可獲得最佳的洗掃效率（ηs），其平均效率約為64.46％。

關鍵字

懸浮微粒 ； PM10 ； 洗掃條件 ； 洗掃效率

並列摘要

Recently, there has been growing public concern about air quality in Taiwan urban areas. Considerable attention has been focused on particulate matter (PM) produced from paved road and construction activities because of its adverse effects on potential air quality. PM10 is a typical air pollution source produced emitted from paved road.
Effectiveness of street sweeping for controlling ambient PM10 was evaluated by TOPAS and determining silt load from active traffic streets. A modified regenerative-air vacuum sweeper and a washer were used in this study. The sweeper made a pass followed by the washer. The sweeping efficiencies（ηs）were obtained based on the experimental data of silt loading and PM10.
When a vacuum sweeper and a washer, respectively, did a good job collecting or cleaning the visible fine particles on roads, the method of sweeping tested in this work was effective at removing the sources of the road dust particles. This paper concludes that street sweeping followed by washing was found to offer a measurable reduction in PM10 emission potentials.

並列關鍵字

PM10 ； street sweeping ； sweeping efficiency ； fugitive dust

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