社區居民對老街再利用之態度探討-以金瓜石祈堂老街為例

Community Residents to Explore The Attitude of Reuse：The Case Study in Chinkuashin Qi-Tang Old Streets

黃彩茹(Tsai-Ju Huang)

指導教授 ： 蔡淑瑩

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00497

摘要

傳統老街的形成皆是台灣早期因時因地而產生的街區，這些老街的形成，受區位環境資源產業的差異影響，使每條老街有了不同的面貌。金瓜石地區因當地礦脈豐富的特殊地理環境，日治時期，更成為「日本首一」的金礦山，於早期形成繁榮便利的生活圈；瓜石祈堂老街過去有「小銀座」和「祈堂腳」之美稱，礦業時期結束金瓜石祈堂老街面臨工作機會缺乏、求學不易、醫療設備落後、與天然災害等問題，金瓜石屬礦業用地，居民僅有建物權利，多數土地為台糖台電所有，僅能以租賃方式承租；再者，未有相關準則下，整修房屋被視作違建，地方居民整修家屋無法可循，使房地權屬問題浮現。居留此地多為年邁的居民，地區發展逐漸緩慢。黃金博物館於金瓜石地區扮重要角色，無論政策或定位皆影響當地，但黃金博物館的周邊發展或新北市金九地區發展計畫，皆未具體將老街劃入範圍內，影響地區發展不均之狀況。
將祈堂老街居民做為老街再利用議題之考量，使該地人文地景與老街得以共同留存。礦業背景的居民與淘金歷史形成蘊含特殊意義的人文面貌，為該地區擁有與他地特色的不同之處。
研究以祈堂老街進行探討，對居住於老街之居民，以焦點團體討論法進行五場社區討論會之舉辦，瞭解不同背景之居民對再利用之態度差異，及採用深入訪談法，對居民態度做詳細的瞭解，並加入金瓜石地區黃金博物館對祈堂老街再利用之看法。

本研究對當地居民於祈堂老街再利用態度探討，如下：
一、 居民以歸屬感及參與程度的不同，可分為積極型、參與型、被動型與消極型四種居民類型，居民身份、年齡、現居狀況之不同，呈現對再利用態度的差異性。各類型的老街居民，對老街再利用的發展看法不同，研究結果如下：
(一)參與型居民多為藝術家，及移入居民，發展主題著重老街空間，以居民為前提活絡老街的概念引入人潮。
(二)積極型居民以男性居多，多數擁有礦業背景及現居居民為主，以完善的整體規劃為發展主題，注重生活機能加強以及居住品質維持，並希望當地房地問題能有效解套。
(三)被動型居民多數為商家及移出居民，首重商業機會，訴求地方的人潮及商業競爭力。
(四)消極型居民為現居居民，少數有用商業背景，注重生活品質，型態維持、地方人口流失狀況及地區競爭力提升。

二、 各類居民與黃金博物館之互動合作較少，僅有參與型居民與其進行合作，該地區居民應加強與黃金博物館或有關單位之溝通橋樑，透過夥伴關係進行合作，使居民、黃金博物館以及公部門，建立屬於金瓜石祈堂老街的「夥伴關係」，成為推動該地區發展之主要關鍵。

關鍵字

社區居民 ； 老街 ； 再利用 ； 態度

並列摘要

The traditional old street was formed in early Taiwan, and the form was depended on time and locality. The form about those traditional old streets and their difference were de-pend the positional environmental source, that made each old streets had differential face. An area in Chinkuashin, had rich metals and specially geographical features. In Japa-nese-Occupied Period, the golden mine
became”Japanese One”. This area became a rich and convenience life ambits.
The Qi-Tang Old Streets in Chinkuashin, had a beautiful name in the past, they
called “The Small-Ginza” and “The Qi-Tang Foot”. But when the mining-industry was over, the street was presence of many problems, like lacking the jobs opportunity, hard to study, the less developed medical equipment and natural disaster. The mining-industry area in Chinkuashin, the most of lands was possessed by Taiwan Sugar Company and Taiwan Pow-er Company. This area only can use by renting.
Furthermore, the resident only had the building right in this area. Under the no related criterions, it was illegal to renovate the houses. Therefore, there had many problems about interest of building and lands. The most resides in this area are old and the local develop-ment is slow. The Gold Ecological Park is an important role in Chinkuashin, not only in policy but also in position. But the development project in Gold Ecological Park’s periph-eral and the town of Chiufen in New Taipei City, both not contain of Qi-Tang Old Streets, which affect the condition of local development.
The subjects of reusing old streets will consideration the residents in Qi-Tang Old Streets. That make this humanities landscape and old street can both preserve. There have a special meaning and the humanities appearance that with this area have the mining-industry backgrounds and the history of pulling out the gold. Those become the special characteris-tics in this area.
A study in Qi-Tang Old Streets, using “focus group interviews” and holding five con-ferences to discuss for the residents in old streets. To understand the different of residents’ background and their reusing attitude. On the other side, using in-depth interview to de-scribe understand the residents’ attitude of their area and reusing for Chinkuash Gold Eco-logical Park nearby Qi-Tang Old Streets.
The study has several conclusions in the following concepts:
1. The residents’ divide by belonging and participation degree: positive, the participation, passive and negative. The different of reusing attitude by resident identity, age, the differ-ence of occupant condition.the various types of old-street resident have different concep-tions to reusing old-street. The study has several conclusions in the following concepts.
（1） The most of participation resident are artists and settlers. The topic subject is reusing the vacant space, and the premise is making the old-streets to become alive with peo-ple.
（2） The most of positive residents are male; the most of residents’ background are mining industry and occupying here. They hope the subject have the development with pre-fect planning; attention to the life function and maintain the housing quality; hope that the question of house-estates can save effectively.
（3） The most of passive residents are businesses and emigrations. They are attention to opportunity of business; therefore, they need increase local customers and the com-petitive of business.
（4） The negative residents that have small number in business background; they are at-tention to maintain the life state, the outflow of local population and promotion the local competitive.
2. Furthermore, the each type of residents is seldom having cooperation with Gold Ecological Park; just the type of participation has done with it. The local resident should strengthen the communication of bridge with Gold Ecological Park or other organizations. Those go along the cooperation with partnership, which makes the residents, Gold Ecological Park and the departments establish “the partnership” in the Qi-Tang Old Streets, Chinkuashin. That the way becomes this local development main key.

並列關鍵字

Community Residents ； The Old Street ； Reuse ； Attitude

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