天然氣管線震害災損量化推估與對策

天然氣（俗稱瓦斯）管線係現代社會重要維生管線之一，其管理良窳與否，關係供氣安全與供氣穩定。平時管理不善，稍有疏忽，極易肇致漏氣、爆炸、人員傷亡、財物損失。大地震發生時，管線斷裂，瓦斯外洩，造成二次災害。國內瓦斯管網採用之材料包括鋼管、PE管、鑄鐵管與鍍鋅鋼管等，不同之材料其耐震能力亦不同。日本阪神大地震時，大阪瓦斯公司有86萬餘戶突然停氣，曾動員約1萬人，費時約三個月搶修復舊對策總部方才解散，勉強全部恢復供氣，嚴重影響災民生活與災區社會秩序之恢復。台灣地區地震頻繁，希望藉由國家地震工程研究中心所開發之TELES（Taiwan Earthquakes Loss Estimation System台灣地震損失評估系統）之協助，針對欣欣天然氣公司台北市文山區PE管，與台北縣永和市鑄鐵管等兩種不同瓦斯管線系統，實施震災境況模擬、災損推估分析、耐震能力評估、震災前後不同時期之震害對策等主題探討研究；並參考美國日本等先進國家作法，期能達到防災減災目標，且能提供瓦斯業界及政府相關機構決策參考。

關鍵字

天然氣管線；災損分析；震害對策

並列摘要

Natural gas (a.k.a. Gas) pipeline is one of the most important daily supporting components in modern society. The quality of its operational management is essential to the safety as well as the stability of gas supply. If routine maintenance and management are not performed properly, it’s very easy to cause gas leaking and explosion which further results in human casualties and loss of properties. When earthquake hits, pipeline network broken, gas leaking and fire can cause secondary damage. The materials that are being used in Taiwan’s gas networks are steel, PE, cast iron and galvanized steel and they offer different levels of earthquake resistance. When the Osaka-Kobe earthquake hit Japan, 860,000 households of Osaka Gas Company suddenly lost the gas supply. The company had assembled approximately 10,000 workers and spent 3 months to barely restore the system. The impact of citizen’s daily life and social order in the affected areas were tremendous. As earthquake happens in Taiwan frequently, we hope that by utilizing TELES (Taiwan Earthquakes Loss Estimation System) developed by National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, we can focus on the ShinShin Gas Company’s PE pipe in WenShan District of Taipei city and cast iron pipe in Yungho city of Taipei county to provide these different systems earthquake scenario simulation, earthquake damage simulation, earthquake resistance estimation and studies of strategies on different stages of earthquake disaster. We also consult the related subjects in United States and Japan in order to achieve the goals of disaster prevention and recovery. And lastly to provide constructive advise to the gas industries and government policy making institutions.

並列關鍵字

Natural Gas Pipeline ； Damage Analysis ； Earthquake Loss Countermeasure

參考文獻

[13] Howard Hwang, M.EERI, Yi-Huei Chiu,Wei-Yao Chen,and Ban-Jwu Shihc,” Analysis of Damage to Steel Gas Pipelines Caused by Ground Shaking Effects during the Chi-Chi, Taiwan, Earthquake”, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,Earthquake Spectra, Volume 20, No. 4, pages 1095–1110, November 2004.

參考文獻