改質廢棄物衍生燃料之人造煤特性研究

A Study on Characteristics of Artificial Coal with RDF Improvement

黃元宏(Yuan-Hong Huang)

指導教授 ： 章裕民

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2013.00770

摘要

利用焚化廠採集後的垃圾進行分析，在六大類垃圾中挑選發熱值高、含氯量低的物質作為製作人造煤（Artificial Coal, AC）燃料的組成物料，本研究選擇廢塑膠袋（PE）、廢碳粉、廢木竹、廢纖維布、廢食用油、廢紙類為材料以研製人造煤，並進行兩項實驗：熱值分析、熱重分析，並與天然煤之性質進行對比。
本研究所研製之人造煤以廢食用油、塑膠袋（PE）與碳酸鈣、廢碳粉及其他摻配(包括木竹類、纖維布類、紙類)、摻配比例為1：1：1：1（樣品一）熱值最高，可達8,046 cal卅g，與天然煤熱重差異面積為2.4462 mg s-1℃；廢食用油為33.33 wt%（樣品二）熱值為7,245 cal卅g，差異面積為2.5351 mg s-1℃；廢碳粉為33.33 wt%（樣品三）熱值為7,447 cal卅g，差異面積為2.2404 mg s-1℃；廢木竹、廢紙、廢纖維布類各11.11 wt%（樣品四）熱值為6,984 cal卅g，差異面積為2.2063 mg s-1℃；廢碳粉為41.66 wt%（樣品五）之熱值為7,633 cal卅g，差異面積為2.1967 mg s-1℃。故以本研究實驗結果顯示廢碳粉為41.66 wt%（樣品五）最接近煤之性質。在環境整體效應指標方面，以廢碳粉為41.66 wt%（樣品五）為例，回收物質指標為1.0、能源指標為0.8、環境友善指標0.8、成本指標0.7，綜合以上結果計算出整體環境指標最低為0.75，最高可達0.93，其接近於理想I＝1.0，故本實驗樣品如在重視物質之回收下適合資源化處理。

關鍵字

廢棄物衍生燃料 ； 煤 ； 人造煤 ； 熱重分析 ； 熱值

並列摘要

Raising renewable energy percentage and decreasing fossil energy percentage can reach the goal of Sustainable development and waste to energy.
In Taiwan, power generation mainly based on coal-fired power plant. According to Energy Statistics Hand Book 2011 made by Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs, the electricity occupies national energy consumption by nearly 50%, showing the electricity is very important energy for our country and the coals for the fire power plant are also important. According to energy supply statistics, showing the renewable energy percentage low and the bioenergy and waste only contributed 1.32%. Fossil energy demand over renewable energy.
This study collected six kinds of waste from New Taipei City incineration plant including waste papers, waste woods, waste rubbers, waste textiles, kitchen wastes and waste plastics to analyze physics and chemistries. Seleted high calorific value and low chloride materials to make artificial coal. Chose waste plastic bags, waste toner, waste woods, waste textiles, waste cooking oil and waste papers then ground all the materials and pelleted. The sample would be analyzed by two experiments: calorific value test and thermolgravimetric analysis.
The calorific value of sample 1（the ratio of waste cooking oil, waste toner, waste plastic bags and CaCO3 and the others including waste woods, waste textiles, waste papers is 1 : 1 : 1 : 1）is 8,046 cal卅g, sample 2（waste cooking oil is 33.33 wt%）is 7,245 cal卅g, sample 3（waste toner is 33.33 wt%）is 7,447 cal卅g, sample 4（waste wood, waste textiles, waste papers is 41.66 wt% ） is 6,984 cal卅g, sample 5（waste toner is 41.66 wt%）is 7,633 cal卅g. The thermolgravimetric analysis showing the sample and coal's difference area, the sample 1's difference area is 2.4462 mg s-1℃, the sample 2's difference area is 2.5351 mg s-1℃, the sample 3's difference area is 2.2404 mg s-1℃, the sample 4's difference area is 2.2063 mg s-1℃, the sample 5's difference area is 2.1967 mg s-1℃. In this study, the sample 5's characteristics are the most similar to natural coal.
In the part of Total Environmental Impact Model, TEIM, the material recovery index is 1.0, energy recovery index is 0.8, environment friendly index is 0.8, cost index is 0.7, and the maximum value of total environment index is 0.93, showing when material recovery is important, the samples of this study fit to recover.

並列關鍵字

RDF ； Coal ； Artificial Coal ； Thermogravimetric analysis ； Calorific value

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