臺北市青少年事故傷害類型之探討

研究背景與目的根據行政院衛生福利部統計顯示：民國101年國人十大死因當中，事故傷害為第六名；然而在青少年十大死因排行中，事故傷害高居第一名多年，顯示預防青少年發生事故傷害刻不容緩。研究方法本研究採次級資料分析，以臺灣事故傷害預防與安全促進學會所蒐集之「TIPSPA傷害監測系統」資料庫中12-19歲青少年之傷害相關變項進行分析探討。研究結果研究個案的事故類型以「道路運輸事故」最多，其次依序為「撞砸壓夾割絞刺事故」、「跌倒墜落事故」、「人及動植物事故」、「燒燙傷事故」。在不同的事故傷害類型中，男性青少年的比例均顯著高於女性。其中「撞砸壓夾割絞刺事故」的男女比差異最大(2.5倍)。年齡分布亦顯著不同，「道路運輸事故」以及「燒燙傷事故」都是以18-19歲族群發生比例最高，「跌倒墜落事故」則以12-14歲族群最高。各類事故的發生時間都是以在校期間的「9-16時」最多。結論與建議青少年事故傷害多發生於在校時間，顯示校園事故傷害防治之重要性。且不同年齡層的傷害類型顯然不同，因此，各級學校應依照青少年的發展及個別化事故傷害防治準則規劃適當的安全校園環境及衛教宣導，降低青少年事故傷害發生情形。

關鍵字

青少年；事故傷害；校園安全；次級資料分析

並列摘要

Background and purpose According to the statistics of Ministry of Health and Welfare, injury is 6th leading cause of death among general public. However, injury is 1st leading cause of death among teenagers. This indicates the urgency to find solution to prevent teenage injuries. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the distribution and associated factors of injury types among youth in Taipei city. Method Secondary data analyses study was conducted using TIPSPA injury surveillance system which was administrated by Taiwan Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association .Result The most common injury type was ‘traffic accidents’, then followed by ‘hit,crushing,clip,cut,twisted and sting’, ‘fall’, ‘people, animal, plant related accident’, and ‘burn’. The percentage of male youth was significantly more than female in all types of injury. Moreover, male is 2.5 times more likely to have “hit,crushing,clip,cut,twisted and sting ” The distribution of age was also significantly different in all types of injury. The highest percentage of age group was 18-19 in ‘traffic accidents’ and ‘burn’. In contrast, the highest percentage of age group was 12-14 in ‘fall’. Regardless of types of injury, the most frequent accident time zone was 9am to 4pm which was school hours. Conclusion The accidental injuries usually occur during school hours. This fact highlights the importance of safety prevention in schools. Different levels of school should have individualized plans since the patterns of accidental injury differ.