就診民眾對保健食品的食用風險認知與 傳播影響 就診民眾對保健食品的食用風險認知與傳播影響 就診民眾對保健食品的食用風險認知與傳播影響

Communication Influence and the Risk Perception of Patients in Dietary Supplements Consumption

楊智雅(CHIH-YA YANG)

指導教授 ： 韓柏檉

臺北醫學大學/公共衛生暨營養學院/公共衛生學研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

台灣保健食品一年有近300億元的市場，容易獲得保健食品讓民眾以為它是安全的，而忽略了可能會導致的副作用及交互作用。就診民眾由於現在正在使用藥物或即將使用藥物而處於食用保健食品的最大風險之中。因此本研究的主要目的在於了解就診民眾食用保健食品的現況，並探討其對於保健食品的風險認知、降低風險的策略，大眾傳播與人際之間傳播的影響。 研究對象為某醫學中心內科看診病患，以便利取樣進行抽樣，並利用自填問卷方式進行資料蒐集，有效樣本共425人。結果發現：（1）就診民眾高達72%有食用保健食品，但是卻僅有17.7%的人會告知醫師有食用保健食品。（2）有食用保健食品者中有26.5%認為食用保健食品可能會對自己產生副作用或交互作用，然而卻有59%的研究對象認為可能會在其他人身上發生這些危險。（3）女性、年齡41-50歲、已婚、專科?大學教育程度、有長期病症的就診民眾食用保健食品的比例較高（p<0.05）。（4）有食用保健食品者從媒體獲得保健食品的訊息，較未食用者低（p<0.05），且也有較多曾從親友、醫護人員處獲得保健食品的訊息。（5）就診民眾最在意的前三名風險依序是財務風險、心理風險、功能風險，降低風險認知最好的辦法以臨床研究結果、經過驗證的保證最具效果。（6）與其他人口學特性、健康狀況、風險認知、接觸的訊息管道相互調整後，女性、已婚、有長期病症、心理風險較低的就診民眾食用保健食品的比例較高（p<0.05）。常接觸大眾傳播媒體者，較不會去食用保健食品；常接觸醫護人員推薦、親友推薦、專業書刊者，較會去食用保健食品。

關鍵字

保健食品、風險認知、降低風險、大眾傳播、人際傳播

並列摘要

Abstract The use of dietary supplements is dramatically increasing. People who take dietary supplements emphasize the benefits, but ignore the interaction with current medicine and adverse effects. Patients who attend to the hospital may be in the much more risks cause the possibility to take medicine or have taken right now. Information on risk perception, reducing risk strategies, and mass media, interpersonal communication exposure associated with their use is lacking. These issues are addressed in this current study. Subjects are the 425 patients who completed a questionnaire from February to April in 2005 in a medical center, Taipei city. The questionnaire included enquiries about supplement use, mass media and interpersonal communication exposure of supplements, risk perception, reducing risk strategies, and personal data. We found that (1) 72% of the sample takes dietary supplements but only 17% telling doctors. (2) only 26.5% of patients who take dietary supplements believe they are at risk of adverse effects. However, 59% of the sample thinks other people may in the risks. (3) subjects who are female, 41-50 years-old, married, above college degree, having long-term health condition have the higher probability in using dietary supplements. (4) less mass media and more interpersonal(relatives, friends, and medical staff) exposure of dietary supplements in the patients who take dietary supplements now. (5) the first three risks that the subjects concern are financial risk , psychological risks, and performance risk; clinical trial and government testing are the best way to reduce the risk perception of the patients. (6) Adjusted for other variables, gender, marriage, health condition, risk perception and contact channels still have the significant difference in dietary consumption. Patients who are female, married, having long-term health condition, have lower social risks, and expose more interpersonal communication would be in higher probability in supplements consumption. Our data shows that it is need to be concerned that the neglect to the physical risk in supplements consumption. Patients seldom discuss the use of supplements with doctors and often acquire information from other people. However, the correctness of this information is needed to be worried. Therefore, it is recommended that doctors should inquire the patients even if they didn’t mention and the government should provide consultative channels to diminish the possible damage from the supplements. Keywords: dietary supplement, risk perception, mass media, interpersonal communication

並列關鍵字

dietary supplement, risk perception, mass media, interpersonal communication

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