以案例式推理與模糊理論建構產品研發階段知識管理系統之研究

A Study of Constructing a Knowledge Management System in the Products Development Phase Based on Case Based Reasoning and Fuzzy Theory

王年清(Nien -Ching Wang)

指導教授 ： 盧 煜 煬

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

近年來隨著經濟、科技等因素影響，對於企業的營運與發展帶來了前所未見的衝擊，在企業轉型與永續發展過程中，企業智產的累積已成為其中重要課題，其中又以產品設計研發階段之知識管理最為重要。以往此類經驗往往依附在『人』的身上，隨著設計人員的流動，重要的研發經驗往往隨之流失。因此，若要有效的保存與應用產品研發相關的知識與經驗，則必須透過系統化的方法加以擷取、整理與運用。倘若能以資訊科技提供企業儲存管理產品研發相關知識經驗之輔助工具，將有助於研發效率與能力的提升。
本論文的主要目的，在於將產品研發過程中，設計研發階段所必須的知識經驗做一探討，透過實際的訪談瞭解企業在研發上的重要因素為何。再進一步透過案例式推理（Case Based Reasoning，CBR）的探討與導入，以資訊化的角度發展設計概念階段之產品知識的建構與應用方法。首先利用以案例式推理進行案例分類，並計算案例適當之權重；接著利用有權重的相似分數來計算輸入案例與存放於案例庫中現有案例的相似性，最後把最相似的案例取回。至於在案例改編的部份則是利用存在案例庫中相關案例的部份資訊協助使用者進行案例改編，將取出的相似案例當作新問題的解答參考。最後透過系統實作方式，以實際資料與資深設計人員的經驗來驗證研究方法之成效。
本研究以業界某機械製造廠商為對象，透過深入訪談、模糊理論、案例式推理與資訊科技整合運用，提出將過去難以解決之設計經驗傳承、保存問題的解決方案。使得電腦扮演的角色不再侷限在後端設計工作，而由設計初期即以過往成功案例支持設計研發之構想發展階段；同時透過案例庫的建立，有系統地將公司累積之設計經驗予以量化保存，利用與資深設計人員互動學習的機制不斷修正適當權重，對於產品於研發設計階段的設計方式，提供了一個避免重覆、有效管理的新途徑。

關鍵字

知識管理 ； 案例式推理法

並列摘要

The development of an enterprise is effected by the change of economy and IT in recently years. During the process of the enterprise development and promotion, it’s a very important to keep know-how and knowledge, especially the knowledge of products design. Formerly, a new product design or a modification of an old production is based on some senior designers’ experience. However, the knowledge is often lost after they retire or resign. Therefore, we need to utilize IT to manage and reserve all results of product development enhance enterprise’s competence.
The purpose of this study is to try to find out the important factors of a new product development, and to see if having methods to reserve experience of senior designers in the enterprise. By using Case Based Reasoning (CBR) and Fuzzy Theory, we try to build a knowledge management system to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of product development. First, we use CBR method to categorize all cases, and assign suitable weight to every case. When user want to find a similar case from case-base, system can calculate its similarity and compare with those in case-base, then find out the most similar one for reference.
This study conducts an in-depth interview to an automation manufacturers, and try to find out the solutions to reserve experience of senior designers by using fuzzy theory, case-based, and IT. The role of computers is not limited to the final design, but supports the initial concept of products development based on the former successfully cases. At the same time, the case-base is built up and can systematically reserve the experience of senior designers. On the occasion of interaction with senior designers, the enterprise adjusts suitable weight. The case-base also provides a new approach to a non-repeating and effective management for products development.

參考文獻

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