爪極型步進馬達定子組尺寸效應之磁路模擬分析

Analytical study on the size effect of the stator in claw-poles PM stepping motor

蔡旻其(Min Chi Tsai)

指導教授 ： 劉宗平

元智大學/工程學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2003年)

摘要

隨著自動化技術的日漸發展，使得步進馬達的需求與日俱增，尤其是在光學掃描器方面。因為步進馬達具有可靠度高、易控制、步進角精度高等優點，使得其應用更加地廣泛。雖然有關步進馬達特性的研究很多，但大多數都偏向於電氣方面的探討，針對馬達機構內磁氣方面的研究卻不多見。因此，本研究採用磁路模擬的技術，針對定子組的尺寸效應進行分析，並企圖找出優化的參數值。
在爪極型步進馬達中，利用線圈通以電流並產生磁場，透過定子組將線圈所產生的磁場導入定子齒中，經與轉子產生相互作用之後，使轉子產生轉動。因此，定子組在步進馬達中扮演著一個相當關鍵的角色。在此論文中，針對定子齒的形狀與高度，進行優化性設計的探討，企圖找出定子齒的優化結構。而後，進一步解析上下定子組間的交錯角問題。選定不同的交錯角大小，進行一系列的探討與分析。同時，利用兩段式磁石的設計觀念與方法，來分析交錯角所造成的效應。最後，採用量產的馬達進行實際量度，以期驗證磁路模擬的計算結果，並尋找誤差產生的原因。

關鍵字

步進馬達 ； 磁路模擬

並列摘要

Stepping motors have grown up due to the rapid development of automation techniques, especially in optical scanner. Since their advantages in reliability, easy control, accurately stepping angle, they are used more widely. Most researches on stepping motor focus on their electrical properties and few papers reported on the performances with magnetic analysis techniques. So, the key point in our study is to analysis the size effect of the stator and to find optimum parameters by using magnetic-circuit simulation technique.
The magnetic flux excited by the current passing through the stator teeth has an interaction with the magnet to make the rotor rotate. Hence, the stator teeth play a very important role in the claw-poles stepping motor. In this thesis, we first study the shape and the height of the stator teeth in order to find the optimum structure of the motor. Secondly, we analyze the angle between the upper and the lower claw-poles, and introduce a new concept of two-section of magnet to explain the effect due to the angle. Finally, a series of measurements for the mass-production motor are used to check the numerical results with using the magnetic-circuit simulation technique and to find the solutions for the inaccuracies.

並列關鍵字

stepping motor ； magnetic-circuit

參考文獻

1.M. Zribi and J. Chiassion, “Position Control of a PM Stepper Motor by Exact Linearization”, IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control, VAC-36. P620-625 (1991)

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3.A.E.Fitzgerald, Charles Kingsley,Jr., and Stephen D. Umans, “Electrical Machinery”, McGraw-Hill, 1990.

7.Gordon R. Slemon, “Electric Machines and Drives”, Addison-Wesley, New York, 1992.

11.M. Matsuda, T. lshikawa, and M. Matsunami, “Analysis of Permanent Magnet Type Stepping Motor Using the 3D Finite Element Method”, Digest Technical Meeting on Rotating Machine, IEE, Japan, RM96-136, P47-55 (1996)