創業機會確認、創造力與創業績效關係之研究

The research of relationships among entrepreneurial opportunity identification, creativity, and entrepreneurial performance

張博傑(Chang, Po Chieh)

指導教授 ： 陳明惠

元智大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2005年)

摘要

摘要
創業過程中最重要的核心就是機會的掌握 (Timmons, 1999)。一個成功的創業家或投資家都清楚地知道一個好的點子並不算是個好的事業機會，如何自一開始的創業機會認知，經過創造力在創業過程中的影響，到最後反映在新創事業的績效上，這整個動態性交互作用的創業過程則是本研究欲瞭解的議題，
在眾多影響創業績效的因素中，以創業機會確認和創造力最為重要。Lussier (1995)認為市場機會選擇、創業家人格特質、創業家知識與能力、創業成員素質、產品創意等皆為影響創業成敗的關鍵因素。又Im & Workman (2004)以實證研究的方式得到創造力與高科技公司新產品績效的確存在相關性的研究結果。故本研究的目的為以創業機會確認與創造力區隔出不同創業集群，並瞭解各創業集群的特性，並研究不同的創業集群在創業績效上的差異。
然而，本研究是以「問卷調查法」作為研究工具，方式為將問卷郵寄至全台灣所有受經濟部補助之創新育成中心內的進駐廠商，共計1510家。最後回收之實際有效問卷數為375份，問卷回收率約為24.83 %。
所回收的問卷資料經過多變量統計工具的檢定，如集群分析、單因子變異數分析等，使本研究所建立的研究架構得到了實證上的支持，成功以創業機會確認和創造力作為區隔構面實際地劃分出四大創業型態集群，分別命名為「高機會高創造力型」、「高機會低創造力型」、「低機會高創造力型」和「低機會低創造力型」等四類型，並整理比對出各類型集群的特性。最後，驗證出不同創業集群在創業績效之表現上的確具有顯著的差異。

關鍵字

創業機會確認 ； 創造力 ； 創業績效 ； 創業型態

並列摘要

Abstract
At the heart of the entrepreneurial process is the opportunity (Timmons, 1999). Successful entrepreneurs and investors know that a good idea is not a good opportunity so the creativity used for recognizing entrepreneurial opportunities and producing a novel and appropriate stuff which can satisfy the customer needs also plays a very important role in the whole entrepreneurial process.
Besides, the entrepreneurial opportunity identification and creativity are two of the key performance factors. Lussier (1995) addressed that the market opportunity choosing, personality, knowledge, and skills owned by entrepreneur, and creativity of product are very critical for the success of the new venture. And Im & Workman (2004) identified there exists positive relationship between creativity and performance of high technology company.
The purposes of this study are to use entrepreneurial opportunity identification and creativity to distinguish the new ventures into four different clusters, to summarize and compare the characteristics of each cluster, and to discuss the entrepreneurial performances in different types of entrepreneurship.
The questionnaire method is chosen as the research tool, and the samples are 1510 new ventures in all the incubators which have been gotten the grant-in-aid from Taiwan government. The number of returned questionnaires is 375, and the return rate is 24.83%.
Finally, the results of this study are that it can be done successfully to distinguish the received samples into four clusters named type of entrepreneurship by the cluster method of statistics analyzing and that there are conspicuous differences in entrepreneurial performance between each cluster really. The theoretical meanings, managerial implications and advices are suggested in the discussion and conclusion.

並列關鍵字

Entrepreneurial opportunity identification ； Creativity ； Entrepreneurial performance ； Type of entrepreneurship

參考文獻

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