專利指標與公司無形資產價值關係之研究---以生技製藥產業為例

A Study of the Relationship between Patent Indicators and the Value of Intangible Assets in Bio-Pharmaceutical Industry

巫嘉哲(Chia Che Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳怡之

元智大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2004年)

摘要

隨著知識經濟的時代來臨，許多以知識密集導向為主的新興產業，都以強調知識密集與創新作為產業競爭的利器，這類型的公司有別於過去的傳統產業，其創造收益所憑藉的不再是過去所熟知的生產要素，而改由公司的研發能力、研發成果等無形資產來創造出公司的獲利。
然而當企業想進一步透過將無形資產作為競爭的工具時，都必須面臨到如何評價的問題。關於無形資產的評價方法，過去已有許多的學者提出許多不同的評價方式，惟各方法在執行上都有其限制。因此，有許多學者開始透過對專利指標的探討，來了解專利指標與公司績效之間的關係。
近年來，專利的申請已成為國內外廠商維護自身無形資產的最佳途徑，因此專利在公司無形資產中所扮演的角色也越來越關鍵，對於相關專利指標的統計技巧與工具也愈趨成熟，有鑑於此，關於專利指標的研究日亦蓬勃。
本研究係透過對專利指標相關文獻的之整理與歸納，藉以計算出生技製藥產業的專利指標，之後透過與『市值/淨值比』的探討，來了解專利指標對於公司無形資產(市值/淨值比)的影響，藉以分析透過專利指標衡量公司無形資產的可行性。
本研究發現，專利指標確與『市值/淨值比』有著顯著的相關，可以藉由不同的專利指標對『市值/淨值比』的變化提出合理的估計。

關鍵字

無形資產評價 ； 專利分析 ； 專利指標

並列摘要

In the era of knowledge economy, Intangible Assets are viewed as being of increasing importance while applied in many fields of business, especially in knowledge-intensive industries. Furthermore, Intangible Assets, in this era of new economy, has been defined as the most important asset within an enterprise; meanwhile, it usually acts as the strategic weapon whenever enterprises compete with others. When the enterprise would like to utilize their Intangible Assets to be strategic weapons, however, inevitably face the most critical issue---valuation.
In the past, the issue of valuation methods are emphasized in an increasing number of publications, however, some limitations are presented in practice. Recently, Patent indicators have been widely employed to assess innovation outputs. Following an overview of the state of the art, this study, therefore, attempts to explore the relationship between Patent indicators and the value of Intangible Assets in the bio-pharmaceutical industry.

並列關鍵字

Intangible Assets Valuation ； Patent Analysis ； Patent Indicators

參考文獻

謝寶煖(1998)，”專利與專利資訊檢索”，國立台灣大學圖書資訊學系 副教授論文。

Albert, M. B., D. Avery, F. Narin & P. McAllister (1991), “Direct Validation of Citation Counts as Indicators of Industrially Important Patents”, Research Policy, 20, 251-259.

Bekkers, R., Duysters, G., & Verspagen, B. (2002), “Intellectual Property Rights, Strategic Technology Agreements and Market Structure-The Case of GSM”, Research Policy, 31 (7), 1141-1161.

Boer, P. (1998), “Traps, Pitfalls and Snares in the Valuation of Technology”, Research Technology Management, 41(5), 45-54.

Carpenter, M., Cooper, M., et al., (1980), “Linkage Between Basic Research Literature and Patents”, Research Management, 3, 30—35.