太陽能集光器中Fresnel透鏡設計之研究

Study and design of Fresnel lens for solar concentrator

黃偉智(Wei-Chih Huang)

指導教授 ： 張明文 ； 劉宗平

元智大學/電機通訊學院/光電工程研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

由於太陽能電池的發電效率一直以來都不高，且價格昂貴；故基於成本與效率的考量，我們需要一個集光系統將較多的陽光收集到太陽能電池內。Fresnel透鏡在大孔徑的光學系統中能夠發揮非常好的效果，故經常被使用在太陽能集光器之中。
在本論文中，將首先說明Fresnel透鏡的原理及設計方法。在本研究中的Fresnel透鏡是利用折射的原理製成，並非藉助繞射原理。建立在幾何光學的架構上，每個溝槽結構的尺寸約在0.2 mm~0.5 mm之間。本文中討論了色散及偏向角間的關係，設計了一個非成像的Fresnel透鏡，實驗證實符合邊緣光準則。
最後，利用光學軟體(TracePro)，針對我們所設計的非成像Fresnel透鏡進行模擬與效率分析。並將其與用於太陽能集光器中的成像型Fresnel透鏡進行比較，以討論其可能造成的光損耗的部分，並提出將來可加以改善的對策。

關鍵字

太陽能電池 ； 集光器 ； Fresnel透鏡

並列摘要

Because of the low efficiency and high price of solar cell, we need a concentrator to collect sunlight onto the solar cell due to the efficiency and cost. Fresnel lens was usually used for a solar concentrator because of its good performance, especially in the large-diameter optical system.
In this thesis, we’ll explain the principle of Fresnel lens and how to design it first. There is one thing we should pay attention to, that the Fresnel lens in the research is worked as refraction but diffraction. Based on geometrical optics, the size of each pitch on the surface is about 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. Discuss the relation between the dispersion and the deviation of a prism, and design a non-imaging Fresnel lens which was consist of many minimum deviation prisms, and the non-imaging Fresnel lens should obey the edge ray principle.
By using the optical software “TracePro”, we analyze the performance of the non-imaging Fresnel lens by simulations. We compared the non-imaging Fresnel lens with the imaging Fresnel lens that was used in solar concentrator. Then, we discussed the losses and proposed the policy to reform in future works.

並列關鍵字

Solar cell ； concentrator ； Fresnel lens

參考文獻

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