以系統動態學探討國軍導入效益後勤 (PBL) 之效益

The Benefit Evaluation of System Dynamics by Adopting the Performance Based Logistics (PBL) in the Armed Forces

沈國棟(Kuo-Tung Shen)

指導教授 ： 胡黃德

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2008.00145

摘要

現代戰爭講求速度，後勤支援優勢決定戰爭之勝負。美軍於波灣戰爭後，即以優勢資訊及科技創新為核心，從「聯戰願景2010」提出聚焦後勤、效益後勤，進而導引出軍事後勤革新之創新作為。國軍目前物料獲得與採購，仍沿用舊有傳統思維，無法如民間供應鏈管理機制具迅速敏捷的反應，以致需求無法適時有效獲得。因此為本研究之目的乃是如何「精準」地提供部隊需求，運用有限預算，適時適量採購，降低後勤成本，進而達到精實後勤作業的理想。本研究就以往國軍器材籌補流程，透過系統動態學模擬軟體Vensim，建構模型分析導入PBL之補保效益。在採購需求延遲等不同情境下，探討整體變化情況，希以系統動態學之可視模式，就國軍後勤策略規劃發展提出相關建議。動態模式通過結構確認、數據一致性測試及範圍與適當性等測試後，模擬導入PBL效益，可有效支援現行戰機器材籌補作業，提高整體採購作業效能，適時適量的完成採購，進而支援戰機修復出廠，滿足部隊戰演訓任務。整體而言，導入PBL效益對國軍採購及維修作業將有所助益。美軍效益後勤己證實對於作業成本降低及後勤支援提升成效卓著，而國軍在人力精簡及有限的國防資源限制條件下，如何導入PBL效益，以有效運用國防作業維持費，應為決策者考量當務之急。

關鍵字

供應鏈管理 ； 效益後勤 ； 系統動態學

並列摘要

The modern war depends on the speed, and the logistics support advantage will determine the war winner. After the Gulf war, the U.S. troops regard the advanced information technology and technology innovation as the core. The Joint Vision 2010 proposes the focused logistics (FL), Performance Based Logistics (PBL), and then leads to the US military logistics improvement's act. The Chinese Armed Force's material supplies and purchase still follows the traditional ways of thinking, and it is not like the practice of business supply chain management that has quick response. Hence, the demand of the Armed Forces can’t be acquired effectively at the right time. The purpose of this study was to provide the Armed Force's demand accuracy at the limited budget, and then purchased the optimum parts in right time and then reduced the logistic cost. This research reviewed the current Armed Force's supply chain process and then utilized PBL analysis by the System Dynamics simulation software Vensim. To evaluate the changes of the system dynamics of purchase parts delay and different scenarios in the simulate model, the simulation trend will provide important recommendations to the logistic strategies of the Ministry of National Defense (MND). The dynamic model had verified the structure test, unit consistency test, and also simulated the PBL benefit that could support the current fighter parts supply requirement and improved the purchase's efficiency. This model also supported the fighter maintenance, met the mission requirements, raised supply chain's efficiency, and then supported the fighter plane. The entirety comments of the PBL can enhance the Armed Force's purchase and maintenance acts. The PBL already reduced the total cost and enhanced the logistics support for the U.S. troop. Likewise, The Armed Force still face the manpower simplification and under the limited military funding resource. This PBL concept should be considered as the top priority for the MND's policymakers to use the military budget more effectively.

並列關鍵字

Supply Chain Management, Performance Based Logistics (PBL), System Dynamics

參考文獻

韓釗，系統動力學探索動態複雜之鑰，華泰文化事業股份有限公司，台北，民國91年。

徐蘭國，「空軍航材零附件需求規劃之研究」，元智大學工業工程與管理研究所碩士論文，民國94年。

Adamides, E. D., Stamboulis, Y. A. and Varelis, A. G., "Model-based Assessment of Military Aircraft Engine Maintenance Systems," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 55, No. 9, pp. 957-967, 2004.

Beamon, B. M., "Supply Chain Design and Analysis: Models and Methods, " International Journal on Production Economics, Vol. 55, pp. 281-294, 1998.

Blackstone, J. et al., APICS Dictionary, Eleventh Edition, 2005.