台北市市有非公用土地租占問題之研究

Study on Lease and Non-Productive Occupation of TCG Lands Not for Public Use

陳思燕(Szu-Yen Chen)

指導教授 ： 李弘暉

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本論文旨在探討台北市市有非公用土地租占之現況，並透過公平正義理論、土地經濟理論、政策規劃理論及公共政策理論等文獻探討方式，來探究使用市有土地其使用補償金及租金的合理性，並以實際數據加以分析。另外也以成本效益及土地有效利用之觀點深入探討市有土地承租人申購條件限制的合理性，並就國有土地與台北市市有土地承購條件規定不同加以比較說明，提出具體建議。期望能藉由本研究發現達到提升土地管理績效之目的。
據統計台北市土地面積共計26,030公頃，公有土地面積為13,479公頃，占全部面積達50％，因此公有土地政策可謂動見觀瞻。截至民國96年底的統計資料，台北市政府財政局經管的市有非公用土地為7,178筆，面積111公頃9,977平方公尺，其中被租占案件為2,593筆，面積113,507平方公尺，在寸土寸金的台北市，可謂問題相當嚴重，
除侵害市產權益外，也延宕都市更新期程，影響都市景觀及都市發展甚鉅。鑒於市有土地被租占後無法有效利用，而造成管理上的問題，本研究透過文獻、專家學者之論述、現行法規的探討及市有土地被占用原因之分析，提出具體建議如下：
壹、政策方面
一、修正原以公告地價為基礎計算使用補償金與租金之規定，建議 初期以調升使用補償金費率及租金率來改善，長期則應以土地公告現值作為計價基礎。
二、加強市地開發，避免土地閒置荒廢，並透過提高土地開發基金額度及適度開放容積獎勵的方式來達成。
貳、占用方面
一、使用補償金加重計收並取消追收期間的限制，藉此消除占用的動機，達到嚇阻的作用。
二、土地管理機關透過樹立告示牌及圍牆等方式防止市有土地被占用，並積極協請相關單位配合定期巡查。
三、加重刑法竊占罪刑度並賦予土地管理機關拆除地上占建物的權力，以收立竿見影之效。
叁、出租方面
一、符合承租條件者盡速納入租約，加強管理。
二、放寬小面積土地出售之條件限制，達到減輕管理成本及加速都市更新之效果。
三、訂定標租作業程序，以符合實際需求。
關鍵字:租占,市有土地

關鍵字

租占 ； 市有土地

並列摘要

The purpose of this Paper is to study the current situation of leasing and non-productive occupation of TCG lands that are not for public use; to study the rationality of compensation for use of TCG lands and the rental through literature research of Equity & Justice Theory, Land Economic Theory, Policy Planning Theory and Public Policy Theory; to apply real data in analysis. Also, in the concepts of cost effectiveness and efficient use of land, we went deep further to study the justifiability of conditional restrictions on purchasing of tenants, and compared the difference in conditions and requirements for purchasing of state-own land and TCG lands for proposing practical suggestions. It is hoped that the finding of this research will help to promote the land management performance.
According to statistics, the total area of Taipei City is 26,030 hectares, in which, the government owned land is 13,479 hectares, slightly more than 50% of the total, and it gives vital importance to the government own land policy. Up until end of 2007, there are 7,178 lots of TCG land administered by TCG Department of Finance are not for government use in the area of 111 hectare and 9,977 square meters and among them, 2,593 lots were leased or occupied, in total area of 113,507 square meters. In this city of inch land inch gold, the problem is very serious. Other than impairing city property interest, it also delays the urban renovation schedule and greatly hampers urban landscape and development. In view of the leased and occupied land cannot be utilized effectively and result to problems in management, in this research, through literatures, argument of experts and scholars, study of existing law and regulations and analysis of cause of occupation of city land, we proposed the following practical suggestions.

I. In policy
1. Amend the provisions of calculating compensation and rental rate on the basis of declared land value and in short term, adjust up the compensation rate of use and rental rate to improve gradually, and in the long run, announced land value shall be used as the base of pricing.
2. Accelerate city land development to avoid idle and waste of land, and achieve the goal through raising land development fund level and appropriately offer accommodation reward.
II. Occupation
1. Apply weighed compensation and rescind limitation of recourse period to eliminate motive of occupation and gain deterrent effect.
2. Land administration agency install signboards, fences and other effect ways to prevent the occupation of TCG land and asking related agencies to make regular patrol.
3. Increase the punishment level of illegal occupancy and empower land administration agency to demolish building on the illegally occupied land to win immediate effect.
III. Lease
1. Enter lease agreements with those meeting the lease condition to step up management of land.
2. Relax the limitation on selling of land of small area to reduce management cost and accelerate urban renovation.
3. Establish bidding / lease operation procedure to meet the real needs.
Key Word:leasing and non-productive occupation,TCG lands

並列關鍵字

leasing and non-productive occupation ； TCG lands

參考文獻

13.胡海豐，2001，土地使用變更與政府行為。

2.Calabresi,G. and Melamed A.D.，1972＜Property Rules，Liability Rules and Inalienability：One View of The Cathedral＞，Harvard Law Review，vol.85

4.Dahlman,C.J，1979，＜The Problem of Extermality＞，Journal of Law and Economics，Vol.22

5.Demsetz Harold，1967，＜Toward a Theory of Property Rights＞，The American Economic Review vol.57，No.2。

6.DeLeon, Peter，1992，＜The Democratization of Policy Sciences,Public Administration Riview＞。