汐止東方科學園區火災煙囪效應之模擬與探討

The Stack Effect Simulation and discussion of the Fire Case in Hsichih Eastern Science Park

謝宗呈(Tzung-Cheng Shie)

指導教授 ： 林誠興

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2006年)

摘要

台北縣汐止東方科學園區高層建築火災中，因煙囪效應導致火勢由低層延燒至高層區域，大火燃燒了四十三小時，創下了國內單一建築物燃燒最久的火災案例，財產損失高達百餘億元，更顯高層建築物消防設備不足及防災避難上的諸多問題。
本研究以東方科學園區火災為案例，收集相關資料、訪視現場及參考災後鑑定報告，探討高層建築煙囪效應火災擴散模式，利用電腦火災場模式軟體 FDS ，模擬當時火災現象所引起之煙囪效應及密閉空間之燃燒情形，並且設定各種參數變化交互分析比對，以了解不同的火場環境及防火安全設定對其煙囪效應結果之影響，探討出最佳化消防安全設計及措施。
大樓的防火安全不應只是從消防滅火設備的層面去探討，也應從大樓使用的特性、結構及內容物做一整体性的安全評估，將危害等級及衝擊降至最低。消防安全工程設計除依據現行消防法規外，尚需應用成熟的工程技術，以達到特定安全水準以上為標準，並評估各種不同安全設計，以期能將財產損失達到最低，保障人員生命安全。

關鍵字

閃燃

並列摘要

A fire had burned continuously over 43 hours in a high building located in Hsi-chih Eastern Science Park, Taipei County. The fire spreads from lower floors to the higher floors area because of the stack effect. Not only it is the merely case that a single building could burn such long time in Taiwan, but it also reveals the problems regarding insufficient fire-fighting equipment and lack of information for occupants refuge/escape from a mansion fire. An estimating amount of property damage is over ten billion NT dollars.
This research selects the case in Hsichih Eastern Science Park for fire study by collecting basic data of the building fire, inspect the fire scene, and refer to the appraisal report at fire site. The smoke movement in a high building according to the stack effect has been discussed with computer method. This paper is using the field model of FDS software to simulate the fire induced stack effect and burning condition in the enclosed space at the time in fire scenario. Various change of parameters have set to analyze and compare the simulation results reciprocally, in order to understand the effects of different fire environments and fire prevention to stack effect. The result expected to present best fire prevention and the fire-fighting equipment design.
The fire engineering relating to a high building fire cannot discuss only with the fire equipment level, it should be considered the security assessment of building characteristic in use, structure and indoor furnishings, and makes an effort to minimize damage and impact. The fire safety engineering design is based on the current rule of fire control, and must apply on ripe engineering technique in order to reach the specific secure level. This research is provided to evaluate discrepancy in different security designs, attempt to reach the lowest property damage, and ensure the persons life.

並列關鍵字

Flash Over

參考文獻

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