今夜卡拉ok火災數值模擬

Numerical Simulation of Building Fire Accident in Chin Yeh Kara OK

黃崇豪(Chung Hao Huang)

指導教授 ： 林誠興

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2000年)

摘要

摘要
國內經濟快速成長，人民所得提高，對於休閒活動日益重視，但每年因火災造成生命傷亡及財物損失極為嚴重。而火災行為中熱流傳遞及有毒氣體的擴散，在火災研究中相當重要，若能將火災模擬程式，應用到國內所發生的火災，確實瞭解高溫火場之溫度變化、煙層流動，不但可預測有效安全逃生時間，並可節省全尺寸模擬的大量花費。本研究使用美國國家標準局火災實驗室所發展出來之火災區域模式CFAST，分析民國81年9月23日新竹縣竹東鎮今夜卡拉ok13人死亡3人輕重傷之嚴重事件，在考慮該火場發生與增設撒水系統及抽風設備的情況下，分析火災場之溫度分佈、煙層厚度及CO濃煙的擴散，並與當時火災發生情況作一比較。同時並以重建火場的分析情況，所得到的結果來驗證區域模式數值的假設性，進一步分析今夜卡拉ok火災事件，計算火災整棟之溫度場、速度場之詳細分佈，來加強對逃生安全的重要性，同時並分析目前消防法規制訂之情況，提供相關參數對於火場之影響，使消防法規在修訂上有一更可靠的科學依據。

關鍵字

火場重建 ； 功能性法規設計 ； 區域模式 ； 場模式 ； 全尺寸模擬 ； 數值模擬

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
Property loss and death rate caused by fire disaster are irreplaceable damages no matter how people treasure and enjoy their lives in the prosperity of Taiwan economy. This study can be made use of not only beneficent for those people who seize the limit time to escape from fire disaster but also less expenses of the full scale simulation . In the fire disaster case which was happened Chin - yeh Kara OK , 13 people death and 3 people injury ,in Hsin — Chu on Sep. 23rd. 1992 , the analysis of thermodynamic flow , smoke thickness , CO density , and the investigation of water spread system , exhaust fan equipment and alarm system were studied and compared with NIST fire field model ( CFAST, developed by National Institute of Standard and Technology , U.S.A. ) The result from fire rebuilding analysis was compared to zone model numerical hypothesis . The reference numbers on calculation and analysis of fire temperature and fire extend speed should be an important indictor to increase the survival chance from fire field . As a fact through this study , the result of scientific evidence research can be knowledge bases and reference information to evaluate whether or not the current fire restrict regulations should be add or modified . Furthermore it will help our governors develop new performance oriented fire safety regulation .

並列關鍵字

Fire Rebuling ； Zone Model ； Field Model ； Full Scale Test ； Numerical Simulation

參考文獻

【24】Fire Protection Handbook（19th ed.）,NFPA,1999.

【3】Walter W. JONES,“A Multicompartment Model For the Spread of Fire

Technical Note 1299,NIST,US Dept. of Commerce,1993.

【5】W.K. Chow,“Study on the Flashover Criteria for Compartmental

【7】G. Cox, and S. Kumar,“Field Modelling of Fire in Forces Ventilated