快速建構3D虛擬環境以支援氣壓缸控制系統客製化設計

Rapid construction of 3D virtual environment to support communication of custom control scheme design for hydra-pneumatic actuators

陳立凡(Li-Fan Chen)

指導教授 ： 孫天龍

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

氣壓缸廣泛使用於工業界驅動機構，如機械產品中。亦應用於許多特別目的需求中，如水舞設計、舞台設計、工作母機設計等，而這些特別需求必須與顧客充份的溝通。目前溝通氣壓迴路控制系統客製化設計時，都是以繪製2D控制迴路圖輔助溝通，但在2D控制迴路圖中，無法清楚得知空間配置問題，例如當氣壓缸運作時是否與其它機構發生碰撞。透過3D顯示輔助呈現能更直覺得到空間概念，強化溝通認知與效率。但建構一個3D虛擬場景是非常困難及複雜，特別對領域專家其對3D工具不熟悉。本研究依據Coninx等人(2006)提出的模型為基礎之虛擬場景建構方法，發展一讓非VR專長之業務人員快速建構氣壓缸控制系統3D視覺呈現之系統，輔助業務人員與客戶溝通。首先討論Coninx等人(2006)提出的以本體論模型為基礎之虛擬場景建構方法，包含本體論介紹以及本體論模型為基礎之虛擬場景建構原理與操作介面。建構氣壓缸迴路控制系統3D場景的之本體論模型可依物件、行為與互動等三個概念來建構，並延伸其所需屬性及其他組成概念，而對應部分則包含物件概念與3D模型與材質貼圖檔的對應，以及行為、互動概念與腳本的對應。而依領域本體論建構3D場景包含描述步驟及對映步驟，領域專家快速建構3D場景的操作介面包含概念選單、空間配置選單、視角設定選單。最後本研究以國內某家生產氣壓缸之ODM廠商為例實做一雛型系統，讓業務人員可快速建構3D場景，說明在客製化溝通過程中，業務人員利用2D控制迴路圖、2D客戶機構概念圖、再配合快速建構的3D控制迴路圖，來輔助說明客製化理念。

關鍵字

虛擬實境 ； 虛擬場景建構 ； 客製化設計 ； 氣壓缸控制系統

並列摘要

Hydraulic or pneumatic actuators are widely used actuators in industry. In addition to the ordinary application areas like mechanical products, hydra-pneumatic actuators are also used in many special-purpose applications like stage design, water dance show, entertainment robots, and so on. When used in these special-purpose applications, the actuators and their control scheme must be custom designed, which often requires extensive communication with the customers. First, the composing modules, which include the actuators, the directional control valve, the flow control valve, the pressure control valve, and accessory must be determined. Then these composing modules must be properly positioned in the workspace. Moreover, the spatial relationships of these modules during the dynamic operation must be considered. For example, when a cylinder moves it can not collide with other devices in the workspace. The process to communicate the custom design with the customers is time-consuming and error-prone. Although interactive 3D visualization allows more efficient and accurate communication, constructing a 3D VE is a difficult and complicated task, especially for domain experts who are not familiar with the 3D tools. This paper develops a system that allows domain experts to rapidly construct a 3D VE to support communication of actuator control scheme design. The approach is based on the model-based VE construction method proposed in Coninx et al.(2006). First a formal model, i.e., an ontology model, is built to record the concepts, attributes, and relationships of the objects, behaviors, and interactions involved in custom design communication. Then the mapping between the formal model and the composing elements of the 3D VE is constructed. This includes building links to the geometry and material files, building links to the composing elements in the geometric model, construction of the behavior and interaction scripts, and building links to the parameters in the scripts. After the mapping is constructed, the domain experts could work at the formal model level to construct a 3D VE. When an object concept is instantiated, the ontology model is searched to find related concepts and relationships. Then the system interacts with the user to complete the attributes and parameters in these concepts and relationships. Several case studies are also presented in this paper to illustrate how domain experts could rapidly construct a 3D VE to support communication of custom control scheme design.

並列關鍵字

Virtual environment ； VE construction ； design customization ； hydra-pneumatic actuator

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