老人使用保健食品之行為探討

A Study of Senior Citizens’ Consumption of Dietary Supplement

劉逢仙(Feng-Hsien Liu)

指導教授 ： 陳燕禎

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊社會學研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

在長壽的前提下，如何食用保健食品，幫助身體維持健康，提升生命的長度與質量，是當前重要之課題。故本研究旨在探討老人在不同背景因素、居住地區、生理機能、心理特性與社會關係下，使用保健食品的認知、行為、選擇、影響因素與差異，建構出老人使用保健食品的模式。本研究以桃園縣為研究範圍，採用質化研究深度訪談法，共訪談6位老人，3位老人之親友，3位專業人員，共完成訪問樣本12位。研究結果發現：老人使用保健食品在心理與生理方面，都能產生使用效益，且保健食品的使用行為因現在保健觀念與保健資訊普及，故與居住之城鄉地區無關，而成功老化、健康信念的個人因素與媒體影響力、社會支持的環境因素都會影響老人使用保健食品，尤其個人因素的成功老化與健康信念，對老人保健食品使用行為的持續時間與動力，影響甚鉅，至於老人的性別、年齡、儲蓄狀況、教育程度、婚姻狀況、家庭狀況等個人背景因素也會影響保健食品的使用行為。本研究最後亦提出相關建議，希望老人能建立正確健康信念模式，親友應要多關切老人的身心狀況，提供老人相關的保健資訊與產品，協助老人達到成功老化，至於媒體方面因對此影響力大，需加強媒體內部管控，以提供正確的保健資訊，政府部門和消基會需加強對於媒體與廠商保健資訊和產品之管理，以避免不良保健資訊和食品的流通與使用，發揮正確保健食品使用效益。

關鍵字

保健食品 ； 成功老化 ； 健康信念模式 ； 媒體影響力 ； 社會支持

並列摘要

Before the premise of longevity, the consumption of dietary supplements for the maintenance of physical health and the promotion of length and quality of life prizes itself as the most primary issue. Therefore, this study attempts to examine differences behind knowledge, behavior, choice, and impact shared by senior citizens who consume dietary supplements under different factors including background, living area, physiological function, psychological characteristic and social relation. The scope for this study is limited to Taoyuan County and the method adopted is In-depth Interview Method from qualitative research. Interviewees include 6 senior citizens, 3 relatives of the senior citizens, and 3 professionals, with 12 sample cases completed in total. This study concludes that consuming dietary supplements will benefit senior citizens both physically and psychologically. Moreover, due to popularization of health concept and health information, urban-rural gap has almost nil influence over the consumption of dietary supplements; instead, personal factors such as successful aging and health belief model as well as environmental factors such as media influence and social support, especially personal factors, very much influence how long and how motivated senior citizens will be in consuming dietary supplements. Other factors like gender, age, savings status, educational background, marital status and family can also influence senior citizens’ consumption of dietary supplements. Finally, this study proposes that senior citizens should form correct health belief model and families should pay more attention to both physical and psychological statuses of senior citizens at home; they should also be provided with relevant health information and products in order to reach successful aging. The media, which is highly influential in this matter, should strengthen internal management to provide the populace with correct health information. The government and Consumers’ Foundation should oversee the media and suppliers’ management of health information and product in order to avoid popularization and consumption of incorrect health information and harmful products so that the good effects of proper consumption of dietary supplements may be created.

並列關鍵字

dietary supplement ； successful aging ； health belief model ； media influence ； social support

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