國中生生活壓力、壓力因應策略與物質使用之相關研究

本研究目的在了解國中學生生活壓力、壓力因應策略與物質使用之相關性，採調查法，以高雄市國中學生為母群體，以多階段抽樣方法，抽出737名有效樣本，並以平均數、標準差、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、積差相關、逐步多元迴歸等統計方法進行分析，結果如下：一、國中生主觀知覺生活壓力以未來發展方面最高，最常採用情緒處理的因應策略。二、國中生的生活壓力會因其性別、年級、父母管教態度、家庭結構、學業成績、父母物質使用、兄弟姊妹物質使用、同學物質使用而有所差異。三、國中生的因應策略使用情形會因其性別、年級、父母管教態度、家庭結構、學業成績、父母物質使用、兄弟姊妹物質使用、同學物質使用而有所差異。四、國中生的物質使用會因其性別、年級、父母管教態度、家庭結構、學業成績、父母物質使用、兄弟姊妹物質使用、同學物質使用而有所差異。五、國中生生活壓力與其物質使用有正相關。六、國中生的壓力因應策略與其物質使用有負相關。七、以兩性交往壓力、學校生活壓力、性別、情緒處理因應策略、問題解決因應策略等所組合而成的一組模式能預測國中生物質使用累積次數的21.5%。最後，根據以上研究結果，本研究提出對國中、家庭、及未來研究的建議。

關鍵字

國中生；生活壓力；壓力因應策略；物質使用

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to investigate the correlations among life stresses, coping strategies uses, and substance use of junior high school students. The sampling survey method was utilized for the population of the students from junior high schools in Kaohsiung City. Through utilizing the multi-stage sampling method737 valid cases were sampled and the results of the study are listed as below： 1.The junior high school students felt most stressful on the dimension of future development, utilized the emotion processing as their coping strategies the most often. 2.There were differences in junior high school students’ life stress in different groups of each individual background variables including sex, grade, family structure, child raising attitude, academic achievement, parent’s substance use, sibling’s substance use and classmate’s substance use. 3.There were differences in junior high school students’ coping strategies uses in different groups of each individual background variables including sex, grade, family structure, child raising attitude, academic achievement, parent’s substance use, sibling’s substance use and classmate’s substance use. 4.There were differences in junior high school students’ substance use in different groups of each background variables including sex, grade, family structure, child raising attitude, academic achievement, parent’s substance use, sibling’s substance use and classmate’s substance use. 5.There were positive correlations between each dimension of the life stress and the substance use. 6.There were negative correlations between the coping strategies uses and the substance use. 7.Using the set of variables, including gender relation stress, school life stress, gender, coping strategies of emotion processing, and problem solving coping strategies, the total variance of junior high school students’ substance use can be correctly predicted at 21.5%. According to the above results, suggestions were provided respectively for junior high school, family and further research.