護理人員提供住院老人口腔衛生照護 行為及相關因素探討

Oral Hygiene Care and Related Factors for the Elderly Patients by Nurses in Hospital

魏華怡(Hua -Yi Wei)

指導教授 ： 楊奕馨

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6832/KMU.2009.00031

摘要

中文摘要
背景：
口腔健康照護是老人全身照護中重要的一環，而護理人員又是住院老人主要的直接照顧者，因此本研究主要目的在瞭解護理人員提供住院老人口腔衛生照護行為現況，並進一步探討影響其提供住院老人口腔衛生照護服務的因素。
研究目的：
本研究目的是探討臨床護理人員提供住院老人口腔衛生照護行為及相關因素。
研究方法：
本研究採立意取樣，選取南部地區經衛生署評鑑為醫學中心、區域醫院，醫院內正式編制且工作業務隸屬於護理部管轄的內、外科病房之臨床護理人員為研究對象，進行問卷調查，總計225人做為研究調查對象。
研究結果：
本研究結果顯示護理人員具有中上程度的口腔衛生照護知識其平均值（±標準差）為11.26（±1.86）分、正向的口腔衛生照護態度(41.24±4.37分)及中度的口腔照護自我效能(53.33±17.41分)。多數的護理人員每班提供一次的口腔衛生照護服務；其中護理人員認為個人缺乏時間及住院老人生理狀況的配合困難是影響口腔衛生照護行為的主要因素。護理人員提供口腔衛生照護行為表現會因個人因素、工作因素不同而呈顯著差異；「口腔衛生照護自我效能」可解釋研究對象口腔衛生照護行為45.5％的變異量。

結論：
本研究結果發現護理人員口腔衛生知識、態度、自我效能方面兩者均屬正向，然而行為方面如協助住院老人清潔牙齒與清潔齒縫需加強，建議應透過在職教育或研習會加強臨床上在口腔衛生照護的知識與技術，特別是病患的特性、清潔用品的選擇與安全概念、口腔狀況的評估等議題；另外，還需要將口腔衛生照護新知與技術，列入技術手冊和口腔衛生照護的教材內以提昇住院老人治療期間生活品質

關鍵字

口腔衛生照護行為 ； 口腔衛生照護自我效能

並列摘要

Abstract
Background：
Oral health is an important part of health care for the elderly. Generally, in medical clinics or hospitals, nurses provide fundamental care for the elderly inpatients directly. Therefore, it is important to understand the current status of nurses’ care, and related factors.

Study objective：
The purpose of this research was to understand the current status of oral health care of elderly inpatients provided by nurses. And fuether investigate the reasons that influence nurses providing oral health care for elderly inpatients.

Methods:
The study was a cross-sectional investigation, and the data were collected by structural questionnaire,which included oral health care knowledge, self-effeciency and behaviors. The study sample consisted of 225 nurses, who serve in the medical centers and regional hospitals at southern－Taiwan.

Results:
The knowledge scores of nurses on oral health care was 11.26 (±1.86)；the behavior scores of oral health care was 41.24 (±4.37)；the self-efficiency scores of oral health care was 53.33 (±17.41). Most of the elderly patients were provided with oral hygiene care once per 8 hours by nurses. Nurses considered the major difficulties to provide elderly patients oral hygiene care were lack of time and the elderly patients’ physical disability to cooperate. It showed significant differences of nurses providing oral health care for elderly patients among different characteristics of nurses. Self-efficiency of oral health care explained 45.5% of variances of oral health care behaviors.

Conclusion:
The study results show that nurses’ oral health care knowledge, attitude and self-efficiency were positive. However, care behaviors such as helping elderly inpatients to clean their teeth would require further improvemen. We suggested to improve the knowledge and skills of clinical oral healyh care through－nursing training, education and seminars , especially on the issues of patient’s characteristics, choices of hygiene instrument , safety concepts and oral condition evaluation. Moreover, we need to include new knowledge and skills of oral hygiene care to manuals and teaching materials to improve the life quality of elderly inpatients.

並列關鍵字

oral hygiene care behavior ； self-efficiency of oral hygiene care

參考文獻

參考文獻

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