暴露於烹調油煙中多環芳香烴之濃度探討

Investigation for exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration in the cooking oil fumes.

林冠文(Kuan-Wen Lin)

指導教授 ： 彭瓊瑜

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/公共衛生學系職業安全衛生碩士班/碩士(2015年)

摘要

華人的烹飪方式以炒、煎、油炸等居多，這些烹調方式烹煮食物往往會伴隨著許多油煙，烹調油煙中有許多不同種類的化學性物質，最常見也是最容易造成人體傷害的就是醛類、與多環芳香烴化合物，多環芳香烴化合物(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons，PAHs)經過許多研究指出為已知會對人體健康造成危害的汙染物之一，而長期曝露於PAHs對人體最大的危害莫過於它會誘導癌症的發生。本研究針對以油炸為主的餐廳及一間烤肉攤販進行環境及個人採樣，藉此探討油煙中及人體呼吸區PAHs的分布情形，研究結果發現中式及西式連鎖餐廳環境採樣所偵測到的總PAHs濃度分別為0.5948 μg/m3及0.7314 μg/m3而在烤肉攤販則為17.17 μg/m3；個人採樣方面中式餐廳工作者呼吸區的濃度為1.0607 μg/m3，西式餐廳工作者呼吸區為0.4979μg/m3，烤肉攤販工作者則為0.9923 μg/m3。雖然個人採樣之結果大多小於區域採樣，其暴露於PAH濃度高於一般大眾，建議從事烹調之勞工配戴合適之防護具，尤其是烤肉攤販業者。

關鍵字

多環芳香烴 ； 烹調油煙

並列摘要

Abundant cooking oil fumes were generated by various cooking methods, such as deep frying and panfrying. These methods are frequently used in Chinese culinary culture. There are many different kinds of chemicals in cooking oil fumes. The most common and likely ones to cause human health adverse effects are aldehydes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are known as harmful pollutants for human health by many studies, and long-term exposure to PAHs would induce the occurrence of cancer. Therefore, this study objective was to investigate sixteen PAHs distribution from cooking oil fumes. Both area and persaonl samples were taken in commercial kitchens where deep frying is the major method, and also a barbecue street stand, respectively. Results show that the total mean PAH concentrations of area samples in Chinese restaurant kitchens, Western restaurant kitchens, and the barbecue cart were 0.5948 μg/m3, 0.7314 μg/m3 and 17.17 μg/m3, respectively. For personal samples, mean PAH concentrations were 1.0607 μg/m3, 0.4979μg/m3 and 0.9923 μg/m3, respectively. Although concentrations of personal samples are lower than those of area samples, cooks have the potential expousre to PAHs from cooking oil fume, espically for barbeque vendors. We suggest that cooks with abundant cooking oil fume expousre should wear adequate respirators.

並列關鍵字

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ； Cooking oil fumes

參考文獻

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