職能治療人力消長及相關因素探討

A study on the change and related factors of occupational therapists’ manpower

蔡宗勳(Tsung-Hsun Tsai)

指導教授 ： 蔡宜蓉

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/職能治療學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2018年)

摘要

研究背景： 職能治療之精神在於讓患者能獨立自主生活，回歸社區，所以治療的區域也不該侷限在醫院，而是能夠直接延伸進入到社區、個案家庭等，但是國人長年偏好於醫學中心等大型醫院就醫已為慣性，因此想透過此次研究了解到，職能治療人力在地理與醫事機構層級間分佈上，於西元2013年至2016年的人力分佈情況，並分析其相關因素。

研究目的： 藉由分析各縣市之職能治療人力改變情形，了解職能治療人力結構的分佈情形。採用縣市別及不同醫院層級作為單位，分別進行職能治療人力分析與探討，以了解各區域職能治療醫療資源分佈情形。

研究設計： 本研究採用縱貫式的次級資料分析研究設計，研究期間為西元2013年至2016年底作為觀察時期，以全臺灣職能治療人力為研究母群體。使用迴歸分析，分析影響職能治療人員數變化之相關因素。

研究對象： 衛生福利部統計處統計專區中各年度之職能治療人力資料。

研究結果： 職能治療人力的地理分佈主要受到縣市人口數、縣市人口密度、縣市大專教育程度比例與每戶平均可支配所得影響，縣市老化人口比例影響較小。而在醫療資源分佈不同的各醫院層級間，職能治療人力的流動無明顯差異。

關鍵字

職能治療 ； 人力分布

並列摘要

Background and Purpose：
Occupational therapy is a client-centred health profession concerned with promoting health and well being through occupation. The primary goal of occupational therapy is to enable people to participate in the activities of everyday life not only in the hospital but also in people’s home and communities. This study was designed to analyze the change and related factors of occupational therapists’ manpower.

Method：
According to this study, cities/counties were used as units. Exploration was made to determine what are factors affecting the distribution among geographical areas of those occupational therapists. Data of occupational therapists manpower were obtained from the Statistics of Ministry of Health and Welfare. Data of average disposable income per household and counties populations were obtained from Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, R.O.C.(Taiwan).。

Results：
The study found occupational therapists manpower was increasing steady from 2013 to 2016, and the distribution mainly affected by counties populations numbers, counties populations density, counties people educational level and counties average disposable income per household. The counties elderly population ratio is partial affected.

Conclusion and suggestion：
Most of the occupational therapists in Taiwan were concentrated in the medical facilities, such as rehabilitation section and psychiatry section, no independent occupational therapy section or center. Independent physical therapy center has already established in two hospitals. Otherwise, more occupational therapy clinic established. It’s worth to pay more attention to analyze the further effect on development of occupational therapy in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Occupation therapist ； geographic distribution

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