特殊直排輪技術與體能對優秀競速直排輪選手競賽表現之影響

Relationship between the skating technique, physical abilities, and skating performance in elite in-line speed skaters

梁靖民(Jing-Min Liang)

指導教授 ： 吳汶蘭

高雄醫學大學/醫學院/運動醫學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6832/KMU.2014.00081

摘要

競速直排輪在比賽中需產生最大程度的爆發力與速度，並同時在高速競賽的狀況下控制力量與速度的調配以維持最佳的比賽狀態。為了找出選手身體能力及特定直排輪技術對於優秀選手在短程競賽之表現的相關性，此計畫將探討：（1）利用場外測試所得的身體能力參數來預測優秀選手在短程競賽中的運動表現;（2）使用足底壓力測量系統來探討經驗的差異對於不同時期及直排輪技術表現的影響;（3）比較雙推蹬與傳統推蹬技術在執行上的差異，給予教練及選手更有效率的訓練方式。14位具有參與國家代表隊經驗的選手 (7男7女) 將執行300公尺計時測試、ESST橫向位移測試及30公尺衝刺測試，F-Scan無線足底壓力量測試系統將用來測量選手在執行300公尺計時測試時的足壓變化。結果顯示，ESST橫向位移測試及30公尺衝刺測試與300公尺計時測試的時間有顯著的相關性；另一方面，30公尺衝刺測試則分別與起跑及直線加速期的時間具有顯著的相關性，而ESST橫向位移測試則與過彎的時間有顯著的相關性。在足壓測試方面，推蹬力量的方向對於起跑及直線加速期的最大加速度是相當重要的因素，而過彎時期，內側腳的力量集中點是維持速度及身體位置的重要因素，最後，執行雙推技術的關鍵在於第一推蹬時需從腳跟內側給予一向對側的推力來幫助前進，另一方面，除加強下肢爆發力外，執行下肢內外展的大腿肌群亦是幫助選手執行雙推技術的重要因子。

關鍵字

競速直排輪競賽表現 ； 身體體能 ； 足底壓力分佈

並列摘要

Inline speed skating (ISS) is a high physically demanding sport, because skaters have to generate maximal levels of power and speed and maintaining balance at the same time when responding to high-speed competition condition. In order to verify the relationship between physical abilities, specific skating techniques, and skating performance during short-distance inline speed skating competitions for elite in-line speed skaters, the aims of this study were: (1) identify the physical variables in off-field test that predict short-distance competition skating performance (race time) in elite inline speed skating players; (2) use the plantar pressure measurement systems to compare the difference between skilled and unskilled skaters in their acceleration characteristics while performing starting, turning, and linear acceleration; and (3) compare the difference in double push and classic push techniques and hope to provide a much effecter double-push training program suggestion for coach and players. 14 elite in-line skating players from the national team were recruited in this study and instructed the complete the on-field test (300 meter time trail test) and the off-field test (ESST and 30m sprint test). The F-Scan wireless in-shoe system was used to record the data of plantar pressure while skaters performed on-field test. The findings in the present study offered some explanations of the correlation between skating performance and physical ability for elite inline speed skaters. In short, for physical ability and skating performance, (1) the ESST and 30m sprint test had a high correlation with the 300m time trail race time; (2) the 30m sprint test had a high correlation with the duration of the start and linear acceleration phase and the ESST had a high correlation with the duration of the turning phase. For plantar pressure measurement in each phase between skilled and unskilled skaters, the push-off direction during start and linear acceleration phase had to concentrate on the forefoot to enhance the maximum acceleration. In turning phase, the medial side leg was the important role to provide a powerful push-off force and maintain the body position. Final, using DP technique, skaters had to provide an additional force toward the contralateral side and generated more impulses in the 1st push phase. To use DP technique smoothly, experience skaters generate more powerful push-off force to provide they strike quickly and achieve the maximum acceleration during the linear acceleration phase.

並列關鍵字

Competition skating performance ； physical ability ； plantar pressure distribution

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