台灣女性空服人員輪班與身心健康狀況之相關性研究

目的：本研究之目的是探討台灣女性空服人員的非典型工時排班方式與身心健康狀況（包括睡眠品質、自覺身心健康）之關係。方法：　　本研究為橫斷式研究設計。有409位20至45歲的台灣飛國際航線的女性空服人員參與此研究。收回320份有效問卷並以此進行分析。此問卷是自填式問卷，內容包含基本人口學資料、輪班工作狀況、睡眠品質(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI)、自覺身心健康(Chinese Health Questionnaire-12, CHQ-12)等。結果：　　本研究參與者的平均年齡為32歲。研究結果顯示比起固定居住地的睡眠困擾，外站有睡眠困擾的機率達2.17倍 (95% CI = 1.24-3.79)。在調整過年齡、工作年資、婚姻狀態與子女數目後，兩個月內累積”服勤過夜班天數達15天以上”及”服勤過夜班天數7~14天”者，其固定居住地睡眠困擾的機率分別是”服勤過夜班天數0~6天”的3.06倍(95% CI = 1.34-7.00)和2.00倍(95% CI = 1.02-3.92)。另外，在調整過年齡、工作年資、婚姻狀態與子女數目後，兩個月內累積”服勤過夜班天數達15天以上”及”服勤過夜班天數7~14天”者，其自覺身心健康較差的機率分別是”服勤過夜班天數0~6天”的2.13倍(95% CI = 0.98-4.63)和1.29倍(95% CI = 0.67-2.51)。此結果雖不具統計學上顯著差異，但隨著服勤過夜班天數的增加，其自覺身心健康較差的機率有上升的趨勢（p value for trend = 0.0443）。結論：　　台灣女性空服人員在累積較多夜班的排班方式下，對於睡眠品質和自覺身心健康有影響。

關鍵字

空服人員；輪班工作；身心健康

並列摘要

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between atypical work schedule and health status (including sleep quality and mental health) in Taiwan female flight attendants. Methods : This was a cross-sectional research design. 409 female flight attendants between the ages of 20-45, flying international airway in Taiwan were recruited to this study. 320 effective questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed. A self-administered questionnaire, including demographic variables, shift work schedule, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), and mental health (Chinese Health Questionnaire-12, CHQ-12) was analyzed. Results : The mean age of participants was 32 years. Compared with poor sleep quality during residence in Taiwan, the odds ratio of poor sleep quality during temporary stay was 2.17 (95% CI = 1.24-3.79). Compared to “less than 6 days” of overnight work within two months, those with “more than 15 days “ and “7-14 days” had a 3.06-fold (95% CI = 1.34-7.00) and 2.00-fold (95% CI = 1.02-3.92) of poor sleep quality, respectively, after adjusting for age (yrs), duration of employment, marital status and number of children. Besides, compared to “less than 6 days” of overnight work within two months, those with “more than 15 days “ and “7-14 days” had a 2.13-fold (95% CI = 0.98-4.63) and 1.29-fold (95% CI = 0.67-2.51) of poor mental health, respectively, after adjusting for age (yrs), duration of employment, marital status and number of children. There was a rising trend of poor mental health among cumulative more than 7 days of night shift (p value for trend = 0.0443). Conclusion Atypical work schedule with much overnight work had unhealthy influence on sleep quality and mental health in Taiwan flight attendants.