有效地利用微波輔助鈀催化苯胺類與2,3-二鹵吡啶類在水中進行選擇性氮-芳香化反應的研究

有機金屬化學主要的目標是藉由過渡金屬和配位基進行催化合成化合物。其中利用鈀金屬催化氮-芳香基化反應被證實是一個有效的方法，且廣泛地應用在有機化學上。在水中進行有機反應近來備受關注，不僅因為有獨特的反應性在水中被發現，且相對於傳統的有機溶媒，水是一個安全及更具經濟效益的溶媒。因此，發展對環境安全，以及在水中進行原子經濟反應是合成化學上重要的目標之一。在本研究中，我們使用對環境無汙染的水作為溶媒，使2,3-二氯吡啶與苯胺化合物在最佳化條件下，利用PdCl2(1,10-Phen)2與BINAP作為催化系統，在磷酸鉀的存在下以微波加熱150 oC，反應30分鐘進行芳香化反應。我們成功地以水取代有機溶媒並且得到產率91%的產物，同時我們也將此反應條件應用在衍生物的反應上，完成了在苯胺上進行氮-芳香化反應。

關鍵字

鈀催化劑；氮-芳香化反應；水

並列摘要

A principal goal of organometallic chemistry was the catalytic synthesis of organic compounds by using the transition metals with organic ligands. The palladium-catalyzed arylation of N-nucleophiles was an established and efficient method, which has been widely applied to organic chemistry. Organic reaction in water have recently attracted much attention, only because of its unique reactivity was often observed in water but also because water was a safe and more economic solvent for conventional organic reaction. Thus, the development of environmental safe, atom-economical reactions in water was one of the most important goals of synthetic chemistry. In this study, we used water as the solvent to carried out the arylation of aniline with 2,3-dichloropyridine. Under optimized conditions, we used PdCl2(1,10-Phen)2 and BINAP as the catalyst system. In the presence of potassium phosphate, we had successfully replaced the organic solvent with water and obtained 91% yield of the product under microwave at 150 oC for 30 min. In addition, we successfully applied the same conditions to carried out the N-arylation of aniline derivatives.