台灣日本時代百貨店之研究

A Study of Department Stores in Taiwan during the Japanese Period

蔡宜均(I-chun Tsai)

指導教授 ： 林會承

國立臺北藝術大學/文化資源學院/建築與古蹟保存研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

筆者嘗試從都市生活史的角度出發，以具有高度集客力的百貨店為例，觀看當時
建築發展的情形。台灣日本時代總共有15家百貨店，參考日本1956（昭和31)年「百
貨店法」對百貨店的定義：「店鋪面積達1500m以上」，將符合定義的案例歸為第二類
百貨店，不符合定義的案例歸為第一類百貨店。店鋪面積無法得知的案例則以樓層數
為分類標準，5層樓以上為第二類百貨店，5層樓以下為第一類百貨店。
第一類百貨店設置門檻不高，建築規模一般與傳統店鋪無異。而第二類百貨店的
創辦，與都市重要的事業計畫，如市區改正計畫，有緊密的關連，而且第二類百貨店
建築成為都市新地標後，帶動鄰近市街地商業建築的發展，間接達成美化市街促成地
價高漲、刺激都市發展的結果。
台灣日本時代百貨店建築具備兩項特徵：過渡式樣建築、高樓層的空間規劃，空
問規劃有仿效日本內地百貨店的情況。過渡式樣方面，多數的第一類百貨店有獨創的
風格表現，反映各家店主對於百貨店不同的觀察；而第二百貨店建築除了塑造強烈的
都市意象之外，也反映出百貨店建築所具備的現代性。
台灣日本時代百貨店的建築規模雖不若東京、上海的百貨公司，但是從都市的角
度，則可以觀察到百貨店區位選定與都市發展有密切的關連；台灣日本時代百貨店的
建築式樣創新，與東京、上海的百貨公司有同步的表現，並成功塑造都市新風景。

關鍵字

日本時代 ； 百貨店 ； 都市發展

並列摘要

Starting from a viewpoint on urban life history, this study attempts to observe the
architectural development during the Japanese period through the customer acquisition and
retention capabilities that the department stores usually tries to hold on to. According to
the Department Stores Law of 1956 in Japan, the definition of a department store is a store
"with floor space in excess of 1,500 square meters," and during this period, there were
totally 15 department stores island wide, and those that qualified for this definition would
be categorized as the 2nd Category department store, and all the others would be viewed as
the lst Category. And for those that were undetermined with the floor space, the
categorization would be made according to the floor level. Therefore, department stores
with more than five floors would be placed at the 2nd Category, and those with less than five,
the lst Category.
Actually, standards to set up a 1st Category department store did not differ too much
from that of a traditional store, whereas a 2nd Category department store was much more
significant and deeply connected with the urban developments, for this new landmark in the
urban area were sure to promote the development of its vicinity. .
During the Japanese period, department stores then possessed two characteristics, the
Transitional Style and the space planning for stores with high floors. For the Transitional
Style，the 1st, Category department store tended to express a sense of originality, which
reflected the store owner's unique observations on various department stores, while for the
2nd Category department store, it usually demonstrated a strong urban image -modernity-
that the architecture of the department store is bound to possess. However, when speaking
of the space planning, both categories seem to follow the example of department stores in
Japan.
Although the scale of the department stores in Taiwan during that period was not as
grand as those in Tokyo and Shanghai, the location of the department store was
undoubtedly intertwined with the urban development, and nonetheless, the innovative
architectural styles that the department stores created during the Japanese period had
successfully crafted an urban landscape that was as outstanding as those in Tokyo and
Shanghai.

並列關鍵字

none

參考文獻

1939《臺南市讀本》。臺南：臺灣教育研究會。

1942《臺灣會社年鑑》。臺北：臺灣經濟研究會。

建築學大系編輯委員會

1998《日治時期台灣鋼鐵構造建築應用發展之研究》。中原大學建築研究所碩士論

Thomas Hine著