兒童觀眾於高雄兒童美術館的遊戲互動與創作分享行為— 以「圖案，真奇妙！」特展為例

The Interactive Play and Sharing of Creative Behaviours among Children in the Kaohsiung Children’s Museum of Art: A Case Study of the “ Pattern, Really Wonderful !” Exhibition

顏芝芸(Chih-Yun Yen)

指導教授 ： 陳佳利

國立臺北藝術大學/文化資源學院學術論文/博物館研究所碩士班/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6835/TNUA.2013.00148

摘要

兒童美術館作為文化教育機構提供了一種異於其他學習活動的選擇，透過展示設計與教育活動來增進兒童與藝術作品之溝通，並創造多元的互動與學習經驗。在兒童美術館中，兒童美術館展示與環境脈絡對兒童的遊戲互動與創作分享行為影響為何？再者，親子觀眾的互動經驗與模式為何？不同年齡層的兒童如何與藝術作品互動？這些都是本文所要探討的議題。
本研究以高雄兒童美術館「圖案，真奇妙！」特展為研究場域，藉由於展場中實地觀察和錄影，記錄兒童觀眾與四件作品的互動情形，研究發現展示與環境脈絡影響兒童遊戲互動與創作分享，如角落空間與整體展示環境影響遊戲空間與互動經驗，地板動態投影促進身體動作遊戲，可玩耍並與身體接觸的教具有利於角色扮演，設置兒童作品展示區有助於分享與討論，而藝術品擺放位置與高度影響討論與模仿創作行為。另外，互動教具可促進親子的互動關係，兒童也會邀請成人參與遊戲，除了合作遊戲外，有時成人過度的指導也會干涉到兒童的遊戲。不同年齡層兒童與作品的互動，以嬰幼兒出現身體動作遊戲最多，幼兒在角色扮演遊戲最為投入，學齡兒童則發展出與同儕的規則遊戲。另外，兒童間偶爾也會出現衝突行為，尤其在創作資源分配不均與創作作品被破壞時。
美術館作為一個藝術教育與社交場域，如果策劃展覽的館員和藝術家能善用兒童喜愛遊戲的特質，設計出親子都喜歡的藝術品與互動性展示，創造適宜各年齡層遊戲互動與創作分享的展示環境與空間，除了透過遊戲活動提升展版文字的閱讀率，以及增加需要專注力的展區的封閉性，並考慮適合兒童欣賞藝術品的高度，以及提供充足的教具與創作材料，將能更豐富兒童的美術館經驗並促進親子互動。

關鍵字

兒童觀眾 ； 兒童美術館 ； 遊戲互動 ； 創作分享 ； 親子互動

並列摘要

The children's art museum as a cultural and educational institution provides a learning choice different from other venues. Through the display design and educational activities, the museum promotes children's appreciation of artworks and creates diverse interactions and learning experiences. What are the influences of the exhibition design to children’s play and appreciation of artwork behaviours? How do the family members interact in the museum? Furthermore, how do children of different ages interact with artworks? These are the research questions that this thesis is going to explore.
The “Pattern, Really Wonderful!” exhibition is applied as case study in the Kaohsiung Children's Museum of Art. By observation and video recording, the researcher recorded the interaction among children and their family members at four artworks. Analysis shows that different designs of artworks and the exhibition design influenced the interactive play and sharing of creation among children. For example, corner space and overall display environmental influenced the space of play and interaction experience. The dynamic projection on the floor promotes bodily play and teaching aids which can be touched and played benefits children’s role play. The area set for children to display their own works facilitates sharing and discussion. The location and height of setting the artists’ works influences children’s imitation and discussion. Besides, interactive teaching aids can facilitate family members’ interaction, and children also invited adults to join their play. In addition to cooperative play, sometimes adult’s guidance might interfere children’s play. Children of different ages interact with artworks differently. Infants use their body to touch and play most, preschoolers are more devoted themselves into the role play, and school-age children will develop rules of game with their peers. In addition, there are occasional conflicts between children, especially when the resources are unevenly distributed or their own works were destroyed by other children.
The children’s art museum can enrich children’s museum experiences and family’s interaction, if the museum staff and artists can make good use of the nature of children's fond of playing, designing artworks and interactive display that the family loves, and creating an interactive environment suitable for children of different ages, in addition to games and activities to enhance the reading rate of exhibition edition text, and the exhibition requires attention needed to increasing the closed, and considering the height suitable for children to appreciate the artworks as well as providing adequate resources and teaching aids.

並列關鍵字

children audience ； children’s art museum ； interactive play ； sharing of creation ； family’s interaction

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