坡地風險評估分析之目的係藉由科學化之評估方法,依據自然環境所具之潛在致災條件,針對可能發生災害之地點與可能性進行推估。高雄壽山坡地社區因地質活動擠壓岩層而隆起於海平面之高地,岩層下部主要為泥質與少量的砂質等海底沉積物所形成之泥岩層(古亭坑層泥岩),岩層上部主要為含有大量海濱生物遺骸所形成之珊瑚礁石灰岩(高雄石灰岩),部分泥岩區上方並存有陡峭石灰岩體崩塌所形成之石灰岩崩積層,故坡地災害之發生受地質條件影響甚大,然由於高雄壽山地區坡地歷史災害資料有限,無法有效評估高雄壽山坡地社區邊坡風險災害,由於高雄大都會區之急速發展及平地人口密度之快速成長,迫使壽山山坡地被大量開發利用,土地利用型態逐漸傾向多元化且密集式,加上壽山特殊珊瑚礁石灰岩地質、高降雨強度等自然因素影響,更易因而導致壽山坡地社區邊坡崩塌與地層滑動,危及坡地居民安全,故對於壽山地區坡地社區邊坡崩塌潛感災害之現況調查評估乃為必要。有鑑於此,本研究主要針對高雄市壽山坡地社區邊坡崩塌潛感區61處邊坡及其護坡工程損害程度進行GPS現地定位及其受損誘因調查分析,並採用多變量分析進行迴歸分析,同時結合GPS/GIS資訊技術,進行實地案例驗證與比對分析,進而建立高雄壽山坡地社區風險評估模式,以供後續高雄市壽山地區作為坡地社區環境安全規劃設計方案研擬之參考指標。
The Shou-Shan community located at Kaohsiung hillslope in southwestern Taiwan has been serious concerned by the city government. It is important to realize the environment of these communities on hill slope become unstable and identify the factors trigger the geo-hazard such as slope movement and soil erosion in these areas. Highly weathered geological formations with limestone and mudstone, uneven distribution of rainfall intensity and intensive human activities have been identified as the predominated factors contributing to the environmental disasters of Shou-Shan community on Kaohsiung slope land in southern Taiwan. In this study, GPS/GIS technology integrated with Multivariate Analytic was introduced to establish an environmental disaster risk model by collecting the data from field investigations. Achievement of the slope failure map layers used for Shou-Shan community development can be roughly identified on the basis of risk model calculation. This can be used as an indication on the well development and hazard mitigation at Shou-Shan community around the of Kaohsiung city in southwestern Taiwan.