石化廠作業勞工苯乙烯的暴露評估

Exposure Assessment of Styrene for Petrochemical Plant Workers

周學裕(Hsueh-Yu Chou)

指導教授 ： 許憲呈

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生學系(所)/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2014.00140

摘要

本研究針對某石化廠八個廠區(A~H)劃分類似暴露群組(SEGs)，進行個人空氣樣本和尿液的採集。石化廠作業勞工苯乙烯的暴露評估，主要目的為測量作業勞工苯乙烯的個人暴露和評估作業勞工苯乙烯暴露的內部劑量。本研究使用填充Tenax TA吸附劑的熱脫附管搭配採樣幫浦、軟管配戴在勞工身上，以進行空氣樣本採集。尿液樣本採集將勞工一天尿液分為上工前、中午、下工後三個時段，分別裝入離心管中送至實驗室分析。空氣樣本使用熱脫附儀和火焰離子化偵測器氣相層析儀進行分析，尿液樣本使用頂空氣體進樣和氣相層析質譜儀層析儀進行分析。分析結果顯示A廠測得的空氣中苯乙烯濃度平均值為2.76ppb、B廠濃度平均值為4.47ppb、C廠濃度平均值為4.09ppb、D廠濃度平均值為2.13ppb、E廠濃度平均值為10.74ppb、F廠濃度平均值為7.32ppb、G廠濃度平均值為1.90ppb、H廠濃度平均值為3.86ppb。各廠區所測得的空氣中苯乙烯濃度均低於法令標準的50ppm。苯乙烯空氣濃度和上工前、中午和下工後三個時段的尿液進行迴歸分析比較發現上工前和中午的尿液呈現負相關(r=-0.05、r=-0.035)，下午的尿液呈現低相關(r=0.049)均不顯著，結果顯示苯乙烯在尿液中並不是一個很好的生物性指標物。

關鍵字

苯乙烯 ； 石化廠 ； 暴露測定 ； 空氣 ； 尿液

並列摘要

In this study eight factories(A-H) of a petrochemical industrial area were recruited for conducting workplace environmental monitoring and the similar exposure groups (SEGs) were used for specific job titles. The air and urine samples were collected. The objectives are to determine the personal styrene exposue and estimate the internal dose in workers exposed to styrene. In this study each selected worker was asked to wear a personal sampling pump equipped with a thermal desorption tube containing Tenax TA sorbent. The urine samples of preshift, noon and postshift were collected. The air and urine samples were analyzed by using thermal desorption ATD-50 combined with GC/FID and head space combined with GC/MS, respectively. The average styrene concentrations were:2.76 ppb(Factory A), 4.47ppb(Factory B),4.09ppb(Factory C), 2.13ppb(Factory D), 10.74ppb (Factory E), 7.32ppb(Factory F),1.90ppb(Factory G) and 3.86ppb(Factory H). The styrene concentrations in each factory are below the permissible exposure limit (50ppm). A linear regression analysis was performed for air and urinary styrene concentrations. The results showed that negative correlations (r=-0.05 and r=-0.035) between the airborne styrene exposure concentrations and the urinary styrene concentrations of preshift and at noon and low correlation(r=0.049) between the airborne styrene exposure concentrations and the urinary styrene concentrations of postshift. The result indicated that styrene is not a good biological indicators in the urine for styrene exposure.

並列關鍵字

styrene ； petrochemical factory ； exposure measurement ； air ； urine

參考文獻

朱偉銘(2013)石化廠作業勞工揮發性有機化合物暴露評估 長榮大學 職業安全與衛生學系研究所

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