企業文化差異、跨文化訓練及外派適應關係之研究─以外派人員人格特質為干擾變項

A Study of the Relationships among Business Cultural Different, Cross Cultural Training and Expatriate Adjustment：The Moderating Roles of Personality Traits

余佩樺(Pei-Hua Yu)

指導教授 ： 李元墩

共同指導教授 ： 吳濟民

長榮大學/管理學院/經營管理研究所(博)/碩士(2010年)

摘要

全球市場變的愈形複雜，彼此之間的競爭也愈來愈激烈，在過去20 年來，外派人員成為國際企業的潛在競爭優勢，所以如何吸引及保有優秀外派人員是國際企業急需面對之課題。人格特質會影響跨文化訓練與外派調適之間的關係，此外企業文化差異會影響跨文化訓練，並且跨文化訓練也會影響外派適應。故本研究之主要目的，在探討跨文化訓練實施程度、派外人員能力與海外適應之關聯性。
本研究針對在大陸外派人員為施測對象，共發出850份問卷，有效回收158份。並以信度分析、變異數分析、t檢定、Pearson相關、複迴歸分析、層級迴歸分析及結構方程模式(SEM)來驗證本研究之假設。本研究主要結論有以下六點：
1.企業文化差異與跨文化訓練之間有顯著正相關，且企業文化差異對跨文化訓練具有顯著正向影響。
2.跨文化訓練與外派適應之間有顯著正相關，且跨文化訓練對外派適應具有顯著正向影響。
3.企業文化差異與跨文化訓練之間有顯著正相關，且企業文化差異對跨文化訓練具有顯著正向影響。
4.人格特質在跨文化訓練與跨文化調適之間無顯著的干擾作用。
5.跨文化調適在跨文化訓練與工作績效之關係上有顯著的中介變項效果。
6.整體關係模式具有良好之配適程度。最後就本研究之結論與實務意涵做深入探討，根據研究結果提出實務應用與對後續研究之建議。

關鍵字

企業文化差異 ； 跨文化訓練 ； 外派適應 ； 人格特質 ； 大陸台商

並列摘要

All companies want to make profits and will be globalized, during the past two-decade, expatriates represent a potential competitive advantage for international business. Therefore, how to attract and to keep excellent expatriates are the urgent subject for international business have to face. Personality traits may affect the relationship between cross-cultural training and expatriate adjustment, furthermore business cultural different may affect cross-cultural training, and cross-cultural training may also affect expatriate adjustment.
The purpose of this study is to discuss the relationships among business cultural different, cross-cultural training and expatriate adjustment and the moderating role of personality traits. Then, this research takes expatriates in China as subjects. There are 158 questionnaires effectively returned among 850 questionnaires distributed. Using reliability analysis, ANOVA, t-test, Pearson analysis, regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and SEM analysis is to identify the hypothesis of this research, and there are four main conclusions are obtained：
(1)Business cultural different is positively related to cross-cultural training, and business cultural different has significant positive influence on cross-cultural training.
(2)Cross-cultural training is positively related to expatriate adjustment, and cross-cultural training has significant positive influence on expatriate adjustment.
(3)Business cultural different is positively related to expatriate adjustment, and business cultural different has significant positive influence on expatriate adjustment.
(4)Personality traits have an obscurer and interfering influence on cross-cultural training and expatriate adjustment.
(5)Cross-cultural training has significant intervening effect on the relationship between business cultural different and expatriate adjustment.
(6)In this study, the fitness of the model is good. Finally, this summary makes the deep discussion on the conclusion of this research, and offers some suggestions about business practice and further research.

並列關鍵字

Business cultural different ； Cross-cultural training ； Expatriate adjustment ； Personality trait ； Taiwanese Firms in China

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